2024年中考英语语法专题复习：动词的时态（无答案）

英语语法专项复习：动词的时态 【考点直击】 1. 掌握动词的六种基本时态的构成和用法。（一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时和现在完成时） 2. 掌握动词的五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数形式、动词的ing形式、动词的过去式和过去分词。 【知识梳理】 时态的定义 英语的动词在表示不同时间里发生的行为或存在的状态时，要用不同的形式来表示，这种不同的形式叫做动词的时态。英语中，动词有16种时态，但初中英语要求掌握六种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时。 【现在进行时】 知识点一：现在进行时的用法和构成（am/ is/ are + 现在分词） 用 法 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作 I am watching an interesting movie. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行） He is teaching in a middle school. 瞬间动词（如：come, go, 1eave, arrive, start, die等）用现在进行时表示将来 My father is leaving for Shanghai on business. 构 成 肯定句 主语 + be (is, am, are) + doing+ 其他 We are reading books at the moment. She is cleaning the room now. 否定句 主语 + be not + doing+ 其他 We aren’t reading books at the moment. She isn’t cleaning the room now. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语+ doing+ 其他 Are you reading books at the moment Is she cleaning the room now 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ be + 主语 + doing+ 其他 What are they doing at present 标志词 Listen! / Look! (2) now, at the moment, at present these days, this month (4) all the time, a1ways（含有感彩，表示厌烦、赞扬等） whi1e引导的状语从句中 (6) 上下文提示 知识点二：动词现在分词的构成方式 构成方式 举例 （l）一般在词尾加-ing buy- buying; draw- drawing （2）以不发音e结尾的动词，去e再加-ing take- taking; wake- waking （3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，先双写最后一个字母再加-ing get- getting; cut- cutting; put- putting; sit- sitting; swim- swimming; run- running; stop- stopping （4）不规则变化 lie - lying, die - dying, tie - tying ( ) l. Listening! The students in the music room. A. are singing B. are going to singing C. sang D. are drawing ( ) 2. - Honey, where are you - I . Just let me put on my shoes. A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come ( ) 3. - Linda, Dad has finished his work and we to the gym to pick you up. - Thank you, Mum. A. drive B. drove C. have driven D. are driving ( ) 4 . It . Please take an umbrella with you, Annie. A. rains B. is raining C. rained D. was raining ( ) 5 . - Tom, what’s your dad doing - He my bike. A. repairs B. wi11 repair C. has repaired D. is repairing 【一般现在时】 知识点一：一般现在时的用法和构成 用 法 （l）表示现在的状态 She is an English teacher. （2）表示经常或习惯性的动作 He plays football every week. （3）表示主语具备的性格和能力 The boy is very friendly. （4）普遍的真理和自然规律 The earth goes around the sun. 构 成 肯定句 主语 + be（am / is / are）+ 表语 We are students. 主语+ 动词原形/ 动词第三人称单数+ 宾语 We often go for a picnic on Sunday. She listens to music every day. 否定句 主语 + be（am / is / are）+ not + 表语 We are not / aren’t students. 主语 + don’t / doesn’t +动词原形+ 宾语 We don’t often go for a picnic ... ...