牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 8 A green world Reading 讲义（含答案）

Unit 8 A green world Reading 知识点： 1. In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. 在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料、纸张等物品先被分成不同的类别，然后再被循环利用。 separate作动词，意为“分开,隔开”。 be separated into被分成 separate...into把....分成 separate... from... 把...开;把...分离”。 The land is separated into different parts. Please separate the white shirts from the black ones. recycle作动词，意为“回收利用，循环利用”，它的名词形式是recycling。 We take all our plastic for recycling.我们将所有的塑料回收利用。 2. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling. 一些衣服在慈善商店出售，一些给穷人，还有一些被送到工厂回收。 some..., some..., and the others... 一些...，一些...,其余的.... 3. For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees. Otherwise , we will be punished.例如我们不被允许砍伐树木。否则我们将会受到惩罚。 allow作动词，意为“允许，准许”。 ①allow sb. (not) to do sth. 允许某人（不）做某事 ②allow doing sth. 允许做某事 ③be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 cut down 意为“砍倒(树木)”，还可意为“缩减，减少”。 punish作动词，意为“处罚，惩罚” punish sb. for ( doing )sth. 因(做)某事处罚某人 Our parents will punish us if we copy others’ homework. 4. If we drop litter in a public place , we will be fined by the police. 我们如果在公共场合丢垃圾，会被警察罚款。 fine作动词，意为“罚款”。 fine sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事对某人罚款 The man was fined for driving after drinking. 5. We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely. 我们依靠其丰富的资源生存,所以要明智地保护它，这一点对我们来说是重要的。 depend on意为“依靠;取决于;视….而定”, 相当于depend upon。 depend on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事 That/It depends. 依情况而定，看情况。 6.These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out. 这些新型能源不仅成本低廉，而且用之不尽。 run out 与 run out of 这两个短语都有“用完”的意思，但用法不同。 run out sth run out(无被动) 主语：时间、金钱、食物等无生命的名词 run out of run out of sth 主语：人 Water will run out some day if we don’t save it. Peter ran out of his money yesterday. 7. Moreover, they produce little pollution. 此外，他们几乎不产生污染。 produce作动词，意为“导致，产生”。 producer是可数名词，意为“生产者，制造者”; production是不可数名词，意为“产量，生产”。 8. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference! 记住每个人都可以做对保护环境有影响的事! difference作可数名词，意为“差异，不同之处”。其形容词形式为different，其副词形式为differently。 tell the difference between…指出…的差别 I can never tell the difference between the twins. make a difference to 对…产生影响 What you read can make a difference to the way you think. make no difference to 对…没有影响 The rain yesterday made no difference to our trip. 9. treat something used so that it can be used again处理用过的东西以便它能够再被使用 used作形容词，意为“用过的;二手的”。 ... ...