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课件网) 小学英语系统总复习 通用版 专题三 句型 第14讲 There be结构 知识网络 考点大全 There be结构又叫存在句,它是英语中一种常见的句型结构, 表示“在某地存在某物(某人)或在某时发生某事”。 &1& There be结构的形式 1.There be 结构的肯定式 There be 结构的肯定式主要有以下两种形式: (1)There is+可数名词单数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语.例如: There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。 There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有些水。 (2)There are+可数名词复数+地点/时间状语.例如: There are some flowers in the vase. 花瓶里有一些花。 2.There be 结构的否定式 There be结构的否定式是在谓语动词后加not(any)或no, 表示“没有”。如果句中有some,变否定式时需将some变为any。 例如: There are not any/no flowers in the vase. 花瓶里没有(一些) 花。 3.There be 结构的疑问式 (1)一般疑问句 There be 句型的一般疑问句是把 be 动词提至 there 一词前, 构成“Be+there+其他 ”的形式。肯定回答用“Yes, there is/are.”; 否定回答用“No, there isn't/aren't.”。例如: —Is there a computer in your room 你房间里有电脑吗? —Yes, there is./No, there isn't. 是的,有。/ 不,没有。 (2)特殊疑问句 There be 句型的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+be there+其他 例如: —What's (there) under the bed 床下有什么? —There is a cat. 有一只猫。 —How many students are there in your class 你们班有多少名 学生? —There are 28. 有28名(学生)。 &2& There be结构中be的确定 1.There be结构中谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保 持一致。主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is; 是可数名词 复数时用are。在一般过去时中, There be则相应地用There was或There were。例如: There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一枝花。 2.若句子中有几个并列的主语, be的形式要与离其最近的一个 主语在人称和数上保持一致, 简称“就近原则”。例如: There is a boy and two girls in the house. =There are two girls and a boy in the house. 房子里有一个男孩 和两个女孩。 &3& There be和have的辨析 1.不同点 词 义 例 句 There be 强调“存在”, 某处有 某人或某物 There is a rabbit under the tree. 树下有一只兔子。 词 义 例 句 has/have 强调“拥有”, 表示某 人或某物“拥有”或具有 某种特点 I have a bike. 我有一辆自 行车。 It has a long nose. 它有一 个长鼻子。 续表 2.相同点 There be和have虽然结构不同, 但有时也可表达相似的意思。 Tom has two big apples in his hands. =There are two big apples in Tom's hands. 汤姆手里拿着两个 大苹果。 The shop has many new shoes in it. =There are many new shoes in the shop. 这家商店有许多新鞋。 真题演练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1.There _____ a school here ten years ago. B A.is B.was C.were ( ) 2.There _____ some water in the bottle. Would you like to drink some C A.have B.are C.is ( ) 3.—_____ there a lot of people in the street —Yes, there were. A A.Were B.Are C.Was ( ) 4.—Are there _____ birds in the forest —Yes, there are _____ birds in it. B A.some; some B.any; some C.any; any ( ) 5.There _____ any vegetables on the table. C A.are B.isn't C.aren't 二、按要求完成句子。 1.There are some plants in the living room.(变为一般疑问句) _____ there _____ plants in the livi ... ...