(
课件网) 《主谓一致》语法专题 主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 含义 例句 语法一致 指的是主语为单数形式时，谓语动词使用单数形式，主语如果为复数形式，那么谓语动词也使用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. They often play football on the playground. 意义一致 指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达单复数意义，而不取决于表面上的语法联系。 My family are having lunch now. Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 就近一致 指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。 Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. There is a pen and some books on the desk. 1、语法一致 一、谓语用单数的情况： 谓语用单数的情况 例句 1、主语是以下情况时：不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词 ① 不可数名词：Coffee is more popular in western countries. ② 可数名词单数：The girl under the tree is my friend. ③ 单数代词：He goes to school early every morning. 2、不定式或v.-ing形式、从句作主语时 ①动名词：Learning English is necessary for us . ②不定式：To work hard is necessary for a student. ③从句：What he said is not true. 3、由 some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词/不定代词作主语时 ①Somebody is waiting for you outside . ②Is everybody here today 1、语法一致 谓语用单数的情况 例句 4、当主语有every / each / either/ neither/more than a (an/one),/many a (an)时 ①Every minute is important to us . ②Each student has a book . ③Either answer is correct .两个答案都是正确的。 ④Neither of the two computers is cheap. ④More than one student is interested in the book. 不止一个学生对这本书感兴趣。 ⑤Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。 5、“one of+名词/代词复数”，表示“……之一”时 One of them is not a student. 一、谓语用单数的情况： 1、语法一致 二、谓语用复数的情况： 谓语用复数的情况 例句 1、主语是可数名词复数、复数代词 Some boys are playing in the park. They have been swimming for 2 hours. 由and或both…and…连接的并列成分作主语时。 【注意】： 1、and的并列主语，如果表示同一人/物时，谓语动词用单数（and后的名词前没有冠词）。 2、and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every等修饰时，其谓语动词用单数。 ①Mike and John are good friends . ②Both bread and milk are good for you . ①Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li. ②In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 1、语法一致 三、谓语单复数取决于主语的情况： 谓语取决于主语 例句 1、主语后接with , as well as , including , besides , except , but等词或短语时 ①He with his parents is working in the fields . 他正和他的父母在地里干活。 ②The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。 2、"some/a lot of (lots of) / plenty of/most of/all of +名词"等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词时 ①Most of time is used for playing computer games . 大部分时间用来玩电脑游戏。 ②Plenty of workers are working .许多工人正在工作。 3、“百分数或分数+名词”等作主 ... ...
