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课件网) 少出门 多通风 勤洗手 戴口罩 Lesson 83-84 Going on holiday 目录 Grammar 1 Vocabulary 2 Text 3 Grammar in use 语法点 — 现在完成时 现在完成时 含义 （1）过去发生的动作对现在的影响 （2）开始于过去并持续到现在的动作 He had a piece of pizza at 5 o’clock. He is full. Read the 2 stories: <Ⅰ> It’s 5:30. Would you like a hamburger No, thank you. I have (already) had dinner. 我已经吃过晚饭了. I had a pizza at 5 o’clock. 我是5点钟吃的. Would you like some coffee No, thank you. I have (just) had a cup. 我刚喝过一杯了. They had some ice-creams at 4 o’clock. <Ⅱ> Would you like some ice-creams No, thanks. I’ve had an ice-cream. I had an ice-cream at four o’clock. now He has had lunch. 弦外音: 吃过了 just now now She has cleaned the room. 弦外音: 已经打扫完 (房间干净了) I have had dinner. I have had a cup. I have had an ice-cream. I have had… 我已经吃过/喝过/从事了… ↑ 助动词 ↓吃 公式： I have had dinner. S（主语）+ have/ has + 动词过去分词 现在完成时 ↓ have是助动词,无实义 现在完成时中动词形态 ↑ 构成 肯定句： has/have + 动词的过去分词 否定形式：hasn't/haven't + 动词的过去分词 疑问形式：把 has/have 提前 我已经吃过午饭了。 I have had lunch. 我没吃午饭呢。 I haven’t had lunch. 你吃午饭了吗？ Have you had lunch 现在完成时的时间状语 already 已经 yet 还 just 刚刚 ever 在任何时候，曾经 never 从不 for+ 一段时间 since+ 时间点 already“已经” just “刚刚” I've already +动词过去分词： 表示“我已经...” I've already had lunch. 我已经吃过午餐了。 I've just+动词过去分词： 表示“我刚....” I've just had a cup. 我刚刚喝了一杯。 使用现在完成时的几种情况: NCE 谈论过去发生的事情，但是发生的时间不重要. e.g. She has broken her arm. 她伤了她的胳膊. 2. 谈论过去发生的某事，但对现在造成了影响 e.g. She has broken her arm, so she can’t play basketball. 她伤了她的胳膊, 所以她不能打篮球了. 3. 过去开始的某事，现在还在继续. e.g. He has lived in China for 20 years. 他已经在中国住了20年了. He has lived in China since 1993. 4. 刚刚发生的事情. e.g. They have just arrived at the airport. 他们刚刚到达了机场. NCE 5. 经历或取得的成就. e.g. He has passed his math exam with a high mark. 他以高分通过了他的数学考试. 不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词 巧记规律 AAA: put– put –put let—let –let ABA: become—became—become ABB: stand—stood—stood ABC: eat— ate—eaten cost-cost-cost read-read-read put-put-put cut-cut-cut let-let-let set-set-set beat-beat-beat hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt 原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。 特殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。 AAA 有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的: run-ran-run come-came-come become-became-become overcome-overcame-overcome ABA 原型 过去式 过去分词 例词 -eep -ept -ept keep,sweep,sleep -ell -old -old sell,tell -d -t -t lend,spend,send,build -ay -aid -aid say,pay,lay -n -nt -nt burn,learn,mean -ee- -e- -e- meet,feed -ought -ought bring,buy,fight,think -aught -aught catch,teach ABB(含规则动词) ... ...
