Chapter 3 The night of the horse.( Grammar.知识精讲)

九年级英语Chapter 3 The night of the horse Grammar上海牛津版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Chapter 3 The night of the horse Grammar 二. 教学目标： （一）本章语法知识讲解：现在完成时 （二）巩固练习 【具体教学过程】 （一）课文中的一些相关句型回顾： 1. They’ve gone. 2. They’ve disappeared. 3. They’ve gone and we’ve won. 4. The Greeks have tried for ten years to capture our city. 5. Now they’ve sailed away. 6. And they’ve taken everything with them. 7. They’ve left their horse. （二）现在完成时的构成： 现在完成时由助动词have(has)+ 动词的过去分词构成。当主语是第三人称单数的时候主语用has，其余都用have。 I/You/We/They have done… = I’ve/You’ve/We’ve/They’ve done… He/She/It has done… = He’s/She’s/It’s done… 例如：I have already cleaned my bedroom. Jim has heard from his father twice. （三）现在完成时的肯定、否定、一般疑问句及回答： 肯定式 否定式 一般疑问句及回答 （四）现在完成时的用法 1. 表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，着眼点是现在。 常与短暂性动词如find, begin,go,see等连用。 例如： --Lucy, have you found your ticket? --Not yet. He has just come back. I haven’t finished my homework. 2. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。常与延续性动词连用，如be， work，study， live等。 -- Do you know Jack well? -- Certainly. We have been friends since ten years ago. I have lived here for ten years. 下面说一下规则动词过去分词－ed的读音，只需牢记以下三条规则： 1) 在/t/, /d/后，读/id/。 例如：start-started /`sta:tid/， need-needed /`ni:did/ 2) 在/p/, /k/, /f/, /t/, /t/, /s/,等清辅音的后面发/t/。 例如：stop-stopped /stpt/, look-looked /lukt/, laugh-laughed /la:ft/, watch-watched /wtt/, fish-fished /fIt/, notice-noticed /`nutist/ 3) 其它情况下一律发/d/。 例如：answer-answered /`a:nsd/, live-lived /livd/ （五）现在完成时中的时间状语: 现在完成时中的时间状语有: already, yet, just, before, recently, still, never , ever, so far, up to now, since…, for…,in/for the past few years等。 1. already/ yet already 用于肯定句，yet 用于否定句和疑问句。 I have already had lunch. I had it at 11:30. (表示我已经吃过午饭，现在不饿了) I haven’t had lunch yet. (表示我午饭还没吃，我现在很饿) Page 40 B: Hans: Hello,Eric. We will definitely come to see you next month. Eric: I am glad to hear it _____ you _____(get) your air tickets _____(already/yet)? Hans: I _____ _____ _____ (get, already/yet) mine, but Anna_____ _____ _____(not get) hers _____ (already/yet). Eric: Why is that? Hans: She_____ _____ _____(not save) enough money_____ (already/yet). She will buy it next week. She is very excited about the trip. She _____ _____ _____(pack, already/yet) her suitcase. I _____ _____ _____(not pack) mine _____(already/yet). 2. ever/never ever (at any time) 常用于问句中, never (not at any time) 表示否定意思。 Have you ever visited Shanghai? Yes, I have. No, I have never visited it. 3. since/for since “自从……”，接时间点，表示某动作或状态从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在并且有可能仍将延续下去。for ... ...