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课件网) 虚 拟 语 气 概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式称为语气。语气分三种： 1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。 He is late for class. What fun! He is not interested in classical music. 2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形） Don’t be late！ 3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中 虚拟条件从句(If) 主 句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设 主语+did/were 主语+should / would/ could / might + do 主语+ had done 主语+ should / would/ could / might + have done 主语+ 1.did 2.should do 3.were to do 主语+should / would/ could / might + do If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. 1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。 2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。 3.如果你以前好好学习， 你会通过考试的。 If I were you, I would accept his advice. If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired. drove; didn’t get drove; wouldn’t get were driving; wouldn’t get had driven; wouldn’t have got _____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge. Were B. Should C.Would D. Will 注意： 1.错综时间虚拟语气 当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you _____(follow)my advice just now, you _____(be)better now. If you _____(study)hard before, you _____(be)a college student now. had followed would be had studied would be If you _____ with George earlier, you _____ so angry now. talked; would not be had talked; would not be would talk; would not be had talked; would not have been If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _____ so seriously now. is not polluted would not be polluted had not been polluted would not have been polluted 2. if从句中，were，had（完成时态标志），should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），if必须省略。否定词not不能放在前面。 1.Had I not seen him then(Hadn’t I seen him then), I wouldn't have been very happy. 2.If I were you, I would accept his advice. 3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 4.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. Had you studied hard before,…… Were I you,…… Should it rain tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow, 3、含蓄虚拟语气 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。 常用的有介词with，without=if it had not been for，but for（倘没有，要不是）；连词or，but；副词otherwise等。 1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. =If I hadn‘t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. 2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. 3.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy. 4.What would you do with a million dol ... ...
