Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Discover useful structures课件28张+学案

Section Ⅲ　Discover useful structures—Review of noun clauses 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分，并完成后面的小题。 There are many mysteries ①what the dinosaurs looked like.You may think ②that dinosaurs were big，green and scaly，right？But the fact is ③that they appeared very different from ④what we think.In recent years，scientists have worked out ⑤what they looked like：many of them were small with feathers.Scientists also believe ⑥that many dinosaurs had bright colors.But ⑦why the dinosaurs came into extinction is still a mystery. 自主发现 以上黑体部分均为名词性从句；名词性从句即在复合句中起名词作用的从句，包括主语从句，如句⑦；同位语从句，如句①；表语从句，如句③；宾语从句，如②、④、⑤和⑥。 定义：在句中起名词作用的从句，可以作为一个整体看待，其作用就相当于一个名词。 类别：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。 连接词：名词性从句通常用一个连接词和主句连接。 连接代词 what，which，who，whom，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever等，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why等，在从句中作状语 从属连词 that，whether，if，as if/though等，在从句中不作成分 特点：名词性从句要用陈述语序，即：连接词＋主语＋谓语 At present I know how I can apply theory to practice. 目前我知道如何将理论应用于实践。 What I should do now is grasp the precious chance. 我现在应该做的就是抓住这个宝贵的机会。 一、主语从句(在复合句中作主句的主语) 1．that，whether引导的主语从句 That they should get well prepared for their future is obvious to the students. ＝It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future. 显而易见，学生们应该为自己的未来做好准备。 Whether he will succeed remains to be seen. ＝It remains to be seen whether he will succeed. 他是否会成功还有待观察。 It is uncertain whether/if he will attend the meeting on time. 他是否会按时参加会议还不确定。 小结：that引导主语从句时不可省略；主语从句位于主句谓语动作前，表示“是否”，只能用whether。若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。 2．连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句常保留各自的疑问词义 Why the fire broke out is still unknown. ＝It is still unknown why the fire broke out. 人们仍然不知道这场火灾为何会发生。 How he can learn to appreciate Chinese culture remains an important goal for him. 学会如何欣赏中国文化对他来说仍然是一个重要目标。 Which is the best of all those ways is uncertain. 所有那些方法中哪一个最好还不能肯定。 What she did after that is not clear to us. 那之后她做了什么事我们不清楚。 小结：如果主语从句过长，可以用it作形式主语。 3．it作形式主语常有下列句型： It is a pity that she has made such a silly mistake.她犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误，真是遗憾。 It is very important that a student (should) learn English well.学生学好英语很重要。 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.有人建议会议延期召开。 It seems that he is not quite himself today.他今天好像不怎么舒服。 二、宾语从句(在复合句中作及物动词或介词的宾语) 1．作及物动词或介词的宾语 His tutor explained (that) he should read more books.他的导师解释道他应该多读书。 I will do what/whatever I c ... ...