
Part 3 Grammar 不定代词 定义: 不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。不定代词不能明确指代任何特定的人、事物或数量。不定代词指代的是模糊的、不明确的对象或数量。 常用不定代词: some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone), no(nothing,nobody,no one), every(everything,everybody,everyone),all,each,both,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,other(s),another,none,one,either, neither等。 三、基本用法 1. 不定代词大都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语,起着名词和形容词的作用。 例如: Both of them are doctors. 他们两人都是医生。(作主语) I saw nothing in the box. 我看到盒子里什么也没有。(作宾语) It is something strange. 那是很奇怪的事情。(作表语) There is a little juice in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些果汁。(作定语) Could you come a little earlier (不同提法,a little可以理解为相当于副词作状语) 2. 如果主语是不定代词some-(something,somebody,someone),any-(anything,anybody,anyone), No-(nothing,nobody,no one), every-(everything,everybody,everyone-),a (little), less, , much, one,another,nobody, nothing, neither, each,either 等时,谓语动词用单数形式。 例如: There is little water in the glass. Please bring me more. 杯子里没有水了,请再给我取点。 Nobody is ready to help me. 没有人准备帮我。 3. 如果主语是several,both, many,(a)few,others 等时谓语动词用复数。 例如: Both of them are doctors. 他们两个都是医生。 4. 如果主语是all, none, some, any, such, more, most等时谓语动词用单数或复数要根据实际情况而定。 例如: All the books are mine. 所有这些书都是我的。 All is white on the island now. 现在这个岛上一片白茫茫。 Some books are very interesting. 一些书很有趣。 There is some sugar in the bowl. 碗里有一些糖。 注意事项 1. some和any的区别 some多用于肯定句,意为“一些”,修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词均可。它还可修饰单数可数名词,意为“某一”。 any通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句,修饰单数或复数可数名词以及不可数名词均可。它还可用于肯定句,意为“任何的”。 some也用在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句,以及表示反问的问句中。 例如: Are there any students in the classroom 教室里有学生吗? Would you like some chicken?你想吃点鸡肉吗? I read about it in some book. 我曾在某一本书中读到过它。 If there is any news about my lost car, please call me at once. 如果有我丢失的小汽车的任何消息,请立刻通知我。 Is there any money with you 你身上带钱了吗? You can get it at any shop. 你可以在任何一家商店买到它。 You can come here any time. 你什么时候来都行。 2. 四组相关的不定代词的区别 A. both,和all both表示“两个都”,修饰复数可数名词,统指两者。 all表示“全部,所有的”,指三者或三者以上的人或物,根据实际选用单数和复数。 例如: Both of them are my students. 他们两个都是我的学生。 They both made some progress. 他们两个都有进步。 All the students come to see her. 所有的学生都来看她了。 All of the money has been spent. 钱都花完了。 We are all for you. 我们都支持你。 Say all you know and say it without reserve. 知无不言,言无不尽。 B. no, neither, none, no one =nobo ... ...
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