Section Ⅳ Grammar 一、用适当的引导词或介词填空 1.Light is the fastest thing in the world,the speed which is about 300,000 kilometres per second. 2.We wrote a letter to our father,telling him all the things we wanted. 3.He came out of the spaceship,smiling and waving to the crowds were waiting for him. 4.The two brothers were satisfied with this decision, was agreed beforehand. 5.When deeply absorbed in work, he often was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 二、把下列句子改写成含非限制性定语从句的复合句 1.My father works in the post office.He likes listening to classical music. 2.About 2,000 people worked on the project.Many of them were Europeans. 3.In his office there are nine clerks.The youngest of them is Mr Wang. 4.I wish to thank Professor Smith.Without his help I would never pass the exam. 三、阅读理解 A By the end of the century,if not sooner,the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study. At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance. Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT’s Centre for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3℃,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.” And why does that matter Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain. Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are h ... ...
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