高中英语二轮语法专题复习：定语从句

课件29张PPT。定语从句Grammar高中英语专题复习意义:定语从句在句子中充当定语功能,作为修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句一般位于先行词后。定语从句往往用关系副词和关系代词引导，关系词在定语从句中担任某种成分。Is she the girl who(that) wants to see you? The number of victims who(that) were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. The soldiers organized teams to dig out those who(that) were trapped and to bury the dead. He is the boy whom(that/who) I saw yesterday. Your speech was heard by some judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. A great crack that(which) was nine kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and all equipments. Do you like the book that(which) you borrowed yesterday? Please pass me the book whose cover is green. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Usages 关系代词指人做主语， who与that的区别一般情况都可以互换，但在下列情况下 A.只用who不用that 当先行词是those,she,he they,one(s),anyone等代词时。 一个从句中有两个定语从句，其中一个是that，另一个用who。 当先行词有较长的定语时，用who。 主句以 there be 引导 B. 只用that不用who 先行词是who，或who引导的主句。 先行词在定语从句中做表语 e.g. She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.指人做主语， who与that的区别指物做主语，which和that的区别一般情况都可以互换，但在下列情况下 A.只用that不用which 先行词是形容词最高级，或被最高级修饰时 先行词是序数词，或被序数词修饰时 主句已有疑问词which时 先行词既有人又有物时5. 先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 等代词时 6. 先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, the same, the very等修饰时 7. 有两个定语从句，其中一个用which, 另一个用that指物做主语，which和that的区别B. 只用which不用that 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 （1）关系词前有介词 （2）如果有两个定语从句，其中一个 用that，另一个用which 做宾语时，往往可以省略但是做介词的宾语，且介词提前， 即结构是“介词+关系代词”时 指物只能用which，指人只能用whomMandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. 定语从句的辨认与使用 思考步骤： （1）找出先行词 a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性 b.确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后） （2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成 （3）确定从句时态引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where与whywhen表示时间,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如day,hour,year,date等)。where表示地点，其先行词往往是地点名词（如place,house,street,area等)。why表示原因，常用在先行词reason后。关系副词在定语从句中做状语The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. This was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.是不是见先行词是表时间--when 先行词是表地点-- where 先行词是reason--why1. The re ... ...