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课件网) THE PASSIVE VOICE 被动语态 之前学习过不同的时态 还有不同的语态？ 什么是被动语态？ 语态跟时态有什么关系？ 一、概念 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子中主语和谓语动词的具体关系，分主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态 被动语态 如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，使用主动语态； VS 被动语态的结构 be 有人称，时态和数的变化，其肯、否、疑问式的变化规则与be系动词一样。 done 为及物动词的过去分词。 例： I am invited to go to the party by my friend. These babies are looked after well here. 助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词 主动语态跟被动语态的转化： ①主动句: 主语 +谓语 +宾语 被动句: 主语+be done +by+宾语 主动语态跟被动语态的转化： Many people speak English 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by many people 主语 谓语 宾语 方法归纳： 1.主变宾，宾变主 2.谓动变成be+done 3.by在被动宾前加 4 其他成分都不变 句型变化 1.陈述句：主语+be+Vp.p.+（by +执行者） 2.否定句：主语+be+not+Vp.p. 3.一般疑问句：Be+主语+Vp.p 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Be+主+Vp.p 句型变化 肯定句 English is widely used around the world. 否定句 English isn’t widely used around the world. 一般疑问句 Is English widely used around the world 肯定回答Yes, it is. 否定回答No, it isn’t. 特殊疑问句 Why is English widely used around the world 各种时态的被动语态 1.一般现在时的被动语态 ①一般现在时被动语态的结构: am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 ②一般现在时被动语态的句型变化 肯定句： The desk is made by my father. 否定句：The desk __isn’t_____ made by my father. 一般疑问句： Is the desk made by your father 肯定回答：Yes, it was. 否定回答：No, it wasn’t. 各种时态的被动语态 2.一般过去时的被动语态 ①一般过去时被动语态的结构: was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 The desk was made by my father. 这张桌子是由父亲做的. Last week the old books were sold to raise money for the children. ②一般过去时被动语态的句型变化 肯定句：The desk was made by my father. 否定句：The desk ___wasn’t____ made by my father. 一般疑问句： Was the desk made by your father 肯定回答：Yes, it was. 否定回答：No, it wasn’t. 各种时态的被动语态 3.一般将来时的被动语态 ①一般将来时被动语态的结构: will/shall be + 及物动词的过去分词 be(am/is/are) going to be + 及物动词的过去分词 ②一般将来时被动语态的句型变化 肯定句：The new school will be built in our city next year. 否定句：The new school _won’t be built_____ in our city next year. 一般疑问句：Will the new school be built in our city next year 肯定回答：Yes, it will. 否定回答：No, it won’t. 各种时态的被动语态 4. 情态动词的被动语态 结构:“情态动词 +be +及物动词过去分词” （原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留） 例：肯：The project must be finished by the end of this week. 否：These clothes needn’t be washed. 疑：Can the homework be done in class 特：When must this work be done 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 V(原形)/ V(e)s am/is/are +Vpp 一般过去时 V-ed/ made was/were +Vpp 一般将来时 will +V(原形) will+ be +Vpp 含情态动词 情态动词+ V(原形) 情态动词+ be +Vpp 小试牛刀 ( )1．The letter _____ in French. I can’t read ... ...
