2025年中考英语复习---被动语态训练100题（含参考答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 被动语态训练100题 解题指要 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示主语是动作的承受者。一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”“受”“给”等词来表示被动意义。中考对被动语态的考查主要集中在：①被动语态的构成；②主动语态和被动语态的转换；③不使用被动语态的几种形式。 中考被动语态常考题型为：①根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空；②单项选择；③句型转换。(句型转换将在第十五章进行专题演练，故在本章不再单独演练。) 我们对被动语态在中考中的常见考点梳理如下。 被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变 be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1. 被动语态的时态 较常见的有八种，现以动词 clean为例列表说明： 形态 被动句式 时段 现在 过去 将来 一般 am is cleaned are was cleaned were will shall be cleaned 进行 am is being cleaned are was were being cleaned 完成 have has been cleaned had been cleaned will shall have been cleaned 2. 被动语态的句式变化 下面以一般现在时和动词 invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化： 肯定句 否定句 I am invited. He/ She/ It is invited. We/ You/ They are invited. I am not invited. He/ She/ It is not invited. We/ You/ They are not invited. 疑问句 简略回答 肯定回答 否定回答 Am I invited Is the invited Yes, you are. Yes, the is. No, you aren't. No, (brehic) isn't. Are you invited Are they) invited Yes, I am. we are. Yes, are. (we/ you) No, I am not. we aren't. we/ you\ they No, aren't. 主动语态和被动语态的转换 1. 大多数“主语—谓语—宾语”的主动句都可转换为被动句，转换规则为：将原来主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，将原来的主动语态的谓语形式变为被动语态的谓语形式。例如： This factory produces these kinds of models. These kinds of models are produced in this factory. 2. 如果原来的主动句带有情态助动词或半助动词，在变为被动句时，情态助动词或半助动词不变，随后的主要动词变为被动语态。例如： They must do their homework first. Their homework must be done first. 3. 当主动句变为被动句时，如果需要强调施动者，便可将原句的主语(即施动者)置于 by短语中表示出来。例如： The teacher asked him to sing a song. He was asked to sing a song by the teacher. 4. 当主动句是“主语———谓语—宾语—宾语”(SVOO)的结构时，变为被动句可以有两种形式：一种是以间接宾语作主语；一种是以直接宾语作主语。例如： Father gave me a book as a present at Christmas. I was given a book as a present at Christmas. A book was given to me as a present at Christmas. 5. 如果主动句是“主语———谓语—宾语—宾补”(SVOC)的结构，变为被动句时，原来的宾语变作主语，原来的宾补变成主补。例如： We call the boy Tom. The boy is called Tom. 6. 含有短语动词( speak to, look after等)、感官动词( see, hear, watch, feel等)、使役动词( make，let，have等)的主动语态变为被动语态时，原先短语动词后跟的介词、副词不可省略；原先感官动词、使役动词后省略的 to要加上。例如： We should speak to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely. His father made him clean the room. He was made to clean the room by his father. 三 不使用被动语态的几种形式 1. open, write, read, sell, wash等词作为不及物动词时,它们的 ... ...