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课件网) Unit 1 Science Fiction Period 2 Learning About Language The passive voice Lead in 感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题 1.It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Claire. 2.Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed. 3.Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human. 4.As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops. 1.以上句子中都使用了被动语态，句1为 的被动语态；句3为 的被动语态；句4为 的被动语态。 2.句2为不定式的被动语态，to be harmed作allow的 。 过去将来时 过去进行时 一般过去时 宾语补足语 一、语态概述 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示句子主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示句子主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的句子谓语动词的形式是“be＋动词的过去分词”。一般来讲，只有及物动词才有被动语态。有时被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语表示出来。 二、被动语态的用法 下面几种情况一般用被动语态 1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。 The meeting has been put off for some reason. 会议已因故被推迟了。 2.强调动作的承受者时，需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语表示出来。 A special class to help poor readers was set up by an expert in the school. 学校的一位专家开办了一个帮助阅读困难者的特别班。 3.出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。 Everyone is expected to obey the following rules. 希望大家遵守以下规定。 三、各种时态的被动语态 项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done 无 shall/will have been done 1.You are invited to make a speech in our school. 邀请您去我们学校做一个演讲。 2.（2024·新高考II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 两年后，受《牡丹亭》的启发，一座6米高的亭子在第一花园建成，距离莎士比亚的出生地只有10分钟的步行路程。 3.It is said that the meeting will be held at 8：00 a.m. tomorrow. 据说会议将于明天上午8点举行。 4.He was being punished for being late by the head teacher. 他因迟到而正受到班主任的惩罚。 5.The life of the milu deer is being studied by specialists at present. 目前专家正在研究麋鹿的生活。 6.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973. 这本书自1973年上市以来已被译成30种语言。 7.They had been warned many times before they carried out the plan. 在执行这项计划之前，他们已经被警告过多次了。 8.The work will have been finished by the end of next month. 到下个月末，这项工作将要被完成。 四、各种时态的被动语态中的特殊情况 1.否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。 He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree. 听到不会获得博士学位，他沮丧到了极点。 2.主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。 (1)We saw him sitting there without doing anything. →He was seen sitting there without doing anything. 我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没 ... ...
