被动语态 概念：语态是一种动词形式，用于说明主语和谓语动词间的关系。 类别 用法 示例 主动语态 主语执行动作 We often clean the blackboard. 被动语态 主语接受动作（被） The blackboard is often cleaned. The blackboard is often cleaned by us. 二、 被动语态的基本结构 主语 + be + 动词过去分词(done) 如果需要表明谁做的通过 ：by + 动作执行者 Everyone respect him. 变被动句： 三、 被动语态与时态的搭配 一般现在时：am / is / are + done They use the room. 变被动句： 一般过去时：was / were + done He wrote many stories last year. 变被动句： 一般将来时：will / shall be + done They are going to publish the book. 变被动句： 现在进行时：am / is / are being + done Lucy is cleaning her car now. 变被动句： 过去进行时：was/ were being + done They were making a model plane at that time. 变被动句： 现在完成时：have / has been + done She has learned many English words. 变被动句： 过去完成时：had been + done Before Tom came here, he had finished his homework. 变被动句： 情态动词：情态动词 + be done You must answer the question in English. 变被动句： 练习： 据报道(it’s reported that ...)，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 这个杯了昨天被 David打碎了。 这件外衣是棉制的(be made of)。 . 校运会(sports meeting)将在下周三下午举行。 作业应该准时(on time)上交(hand in)。 那些书被个10岁大的女孩写。 那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 黑板和粉笔正在被电脑和投影仪(projector)所取代(replace)。 这本书到今年年底将已经出版(publish)。 电脑模型(model)可以用来演示(demonstrate)化学实验(chemical experiment)。 相反(in contrast)，一些人被城市的便利吸引(attract)。 年轻人应该被鼓励做更有意义的事情，比如：阅读、学习、锻炼。 然而，考试仍然被认为是唯一可靠(reliable)且可行的(feasible)用来检验(measure)一个人知识和技能的方法。 首先，大学宿舍(dormitory)通常位于校园里(on campus)，因此对学生而言，去教室、图书馆和其他大学场馆(facility)都很方便。 四、主动形式表被动意义 1用某些不及物动词的主动语态表示被动意义 (1)某些可用来表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的不及物动词，如:lock, shut, open, move，read，write，sell，wash，clean, catch, draw, cut等，其主语大多指物。 Silk doesn’t wash well. The book sold well and was reprinted many times. 只有主动含义， 这类词有:weigh，measure，cost, spread, last, happen, break out, take place This wall measures 10 metres long. The news that a famous singer would give a show spread quickly. 2用某些系动词的主动语态表示被动意义 主要是指物作主语的系动词，可用主动形式表被动意义。 如:feel，smell，taste，sound，prove，remain，stay，appear等。 My mouth felt completely dry. The whole story sounded very odd. 3不定式的主动语态表示被动意义 (1)不定式在easy，difficult，fit等形容词之后 The book is easy to understand. The problem is difficult to settle. 作定语用的不定式可与其所修饰的名词之间存在动宾关系 I have a letter to write. She has something to say. 某些作表语用的不定式，也可用表示被动意义。 此类常见的动词有:let(出租)，rent，hire，blame等。 Am I to blame The house is to let. 4用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 在need，want，require，deserve等词后，用可用 动名词 或者 被动形式 表示被动 The matter wants looking int ... ...
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