2025届高考英语专项复习 短文改错整理（讲义）

高考英语短文改错整理 一、考题规律总结： 错词8个，多词1个，少词1个，即8:1:1原则 共有10处语言错误，一般每篇文章7-8句，每句中最多有两处 介、冠、名、代一般一个；形、连可能两个；动词一般3-4个 只计算前十个正确与否，不确定的先不要改 二、具体错误类型及示例 1、动词错误（时态和主谓一致） 1 （2022全国乙卷)I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. 解析：考查动词。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知，此处tidy up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water the flowers”可知，句子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I，谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。 2. （2021·全国甲卷）One of the questions are：Who will you go to in times of trouble 解析：考查主谓一致。one of the +名词复数，意为“……之一”，为单数含义，所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意，此处指问卷调查中的一个问题，所以为客观事实，时态用一般现在时。故are改为is。 答案：are→is 3. （2022全国乙卷) They often run at high speeds, which may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams. 解析：考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。 答案：were→are 2、非谓语动词错误 1. (2022全国甲卷)I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. 解析： 1).考查非谓语动词。be willing to do意思为：愿意做，为固定短语。故在talk前面加to。 2)考查非谓语动词。句意同上。of为介词，后面的动词stay用动名词形式staying作宾语。故将stay改为staying。 答案：talk前面加to; stay →staying 2. (2022全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定短语dislike doing sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。 答案：talk →talking 3.名词单复数错误 1.（2022年全国乙卷)Our city will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle. 解析：考查名词。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。 答案：bicycle→bicycles 2.（2021年全国乙卷)I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. 解析：考查名词单复数。固定短语“do the dishes”译为“洗餐具”。故将dish改为dishes。 答案：dish→dishes 4.代词错误 1. （2022全国乙卷) When you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not causing air pollution. 解析：考查代词。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。 答案：they→you 2. （2021全国甲卷）Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help. Only a few choose to deal with the problems on our own. 解析：考查代词。句意同上。短语on one’s own，意为“独自”，结合句意可知，此处指学生们独自完成，所以要用代词their。故our改为their。 5.冠词错误 1. （2020年，全国卷I）Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. 解析：考查冠词。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前添加the。 答案：pan前加the 2. （2020课标全国Ⅲ卷) For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple. 解析：考查冠词。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头 ... ...