2大培优点 培优点1 非典型结构说明文 高考“七选五”阅读的选材通常以说明文为主,但随着命题难度的增加,所选语篇的文本结构越来越灵活,出现了较多的非典型结构说明文:非列条式、结构松散式等。解题时要格外注意。 结构清 晰类 有段落小标题 2023·全国乙卷,2023·全国甲卷,2022·全国乙卷,2022·全国甲卷,2022·浙江1月卷 有段落主旨句 2024·新课标Ⅱ卷,2024·全国甲卷,2023·新课标Ⅱ卷,2023·浙江1月卷,2021·新高考Ⅱ卷,2021·全国甲卷 非典型结构 2024·浙江1月卷,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷,2022·新高考Ⅱ卷,2021·全国乙卷 非典型结构说明文打破了说明文常用的“总—分(—总)”式结构模式,行文方式会根据表达的需要作灵活的调整。有的说明文第一段先进行铺垫,第二段才切入主题,接下来的段落才展开说明;有的说明文会有多层结构,第一个大的分说明项目下面又分两个或多个次一层级平行并列的说明项目,这种说明文有时用多个段落,有时仅用两到三个段落,段落内部有时也会呈现层级结构;有的说明文是散点式结构,从不同的侧面介绍某一事物,这些侧面分别从某一方面出发,相互之间相对独立,不存在平行并列关系;有些说明文介绍事物发展过程,遵循事物发展的顺序进行说明;还有的说明文各段落之间在语意逻辑上构成递进关系,环环相扣,浑然一体。近年来,英语高考全国卷“七选五”阅读理解选用非典型说明文语篇的比例在加大,这些非典型说明文语篇多采用递进式结构,也有采用双层“总—分(—总)”式结构的情形。 对于文本结构灵活类命题的“七选五”,首先要站在宏观角度,把握文章的结构和主旨,这类文章往往“形散神不散”。其次要抓住这类文章的隐形衔接,这类文章往往不是通过显性的语篇衔接词来构筑语篇,而是通过隐性语义关系进行贯通的,因此要抓住这些隐形衔接,理解段间关系,把握各部分的主旨大意,进而掌握篇章架构。最后,在解题时,要密切关注设空前后的语义关系和意义衔接。 [典题示例] (2024·浙江1月卷) In the past few years,online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. 36 But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you 37 We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. 38 “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online,consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule,just like what you would do with in-person courses. 39 He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide,but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures,read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. 40 A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink,an undergraduate student,suggests taking online courses with a friend,so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize ... ...
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