【高考英语】语法易错点30题精讲练：专题07 动词的时态和语态 导学案（原卷板+解析版）

高考英语语法【动词的时态和语态】易错点30题精讲练解析版 专题七 动词的时态和语态易错点集锦 一．英语中16种时态与语态的构成 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 主动 被动 主动 被动 主动 被动 主动 被动 一般 do/does am/is/are done did was/were done shall/ will do shall/will be done should/ would do should/would be done 进行 am/is/ are doing am/is/are being done was/were doing was/were being done shall/will be doing shall/will be being done should/would be doing should/would be being done 完成 has/ have done has/have been done had done had been done shall/will have done shall/will have been done should/would have done should/would have been done 完成 进行 has/have been doing \ had been doing \ shall/will have been doing \ should/would have been doing \ 二．动词过去式的变化规则 一般情况在动词后加 ed work→worked　 play→played 以 e结尾的动词后加 d hope→hoped like→liked 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加 ed study→studied try→tried 以重读闭音节或/r/音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅 音字母时双写词尾的辅音字母再加 ed stop→stopped prefer→preferred admit→admitted permit→permitted 三．动词第三人称单数的变化规则 一般情况直接加 s work→works　get→gets say→says read→reads 结尾为 s, x, sh, ch或 o，在词尾加 es discuss→discusses wash→washes fix→fixes go→goes teach→teaches 结尾为“辅音字母＋y”，变y为i再加 es carry→carries　 study→studies try→tries　 fly→flies cry→cries 四．动词现在分词的变化规则 一般情况在词尾直接加 ing work→working study→studying 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加 ing write→writing take→taking face→facing “辅音＋元音＋辅音”结尾的重读闭音节词， 且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母， 再加 ing cut→cutting begin→beginning swim→swimming run→running put→putting plan→planning stop→stopping 以 ie结尾的动词，变 ie为y再加 ing lie→lying　 die→dying 五．各种时态的用法 一般现在时 1.表示现在的情况、状态或特征。 He is a professor of geology at the University of Georgia. 2.表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, never, sometimes, usually, every day/night连用。 On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. It's probably good for you to get some criticism now and then. Birds were chattering somewhere, and occasionally he could hear a vehicle pass by. 3.客观事实和普遍真理。 The earth moves around the sun. 4.表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时。只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come, close等动词。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. Our class meeting starts at three o’clock on Monday afternoon. 5.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将的来事情。（即：主将从现原则） I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport. When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours. The president hopes that the people will be better of ... ...