【高考英语】语法易错点30题精讲练：专题10 虚拟语气 导学案（原卷板+解析版）

高考英语语法【虚拟语气】易错点30题精讲练解析版 专题十 虚拟语气易错点集锦 一．虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中的应用 虚拟条件从句(if) 主句 与现在事实相反的假设 主语+did/were 主语+should/would/could/might+do 与过去事实相反的假设 主语+had done 主语+should/would/could/might+have done 与将来事实相反的假设 主语+ 1.did/were 2.should do 3.were to do 主语+should/would/could/might+do 二．技巧点拨·如何判定情态动词和虚拟语气　 1．意义和语气判断法 所谓意义判断法就是分析语境并确定应填情态动词的含义。因此熟练掌握每个情态动词的意义和用法是答题的前提。此外，情态动词主要表示说话人的语气、态度或情感，所以在解答此类试题时，要从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来分析和判断，最后确定所需情态动词是否符合说话者的语气以及特定的情感需要。 [例1]　George (not go) too far. His coffee is still warm. [分析]　can’t/couldn’t have gone　由下文的His coffee is still warm可以看出，乔治应该是刚离开，不可能走太远，表示对过去发生的事情非常有把握的否定推测，应填can’t/couldn’t have gone。 2．时间判断法 虚拟语气的考查重点在于判断句子是对现在、过去还是将来的动作进行虚拟。判断出时间后再根据相应的结构或句型确定谓语动词的形式。 [例2]　I wish I (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. [分析]　had been　句意：我真希望上周二参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。根据句中的but可知“我参加了妹妹的婚礼”只是一种假设，根据空后的时间状语last Tuesday可知，动作发生在过去，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故谓语用“had＋过去分词”结构。故答案为had been。 三．虚拟语气的易错点 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 与现在事实相反 If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. 与过去事实相反 If you hadn't encouraged me, I would not have been admitted to this university. 与将来事实相反 If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 混合条件句 If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now. 含蓄条件句 由介词（短语）with, without, but for, in that position等，或由连词 or, otherwise, and, but, but that 等代替 if 条件句 I couldn't have finished the work on time without your help. But for your timely warning,we would have got into great trouble. It is lucky we booked a room, or we would have nowhere to stay now. 省略if的虚拟语气 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时，if 可省略，而将 were, should, had等词置于句首，形成倒装 Were he here, everything would be alright. Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off the trip. Had I not left that comment, I would not have had that opportunity. 虚拟语气用于其它状语从句 as if/though 引导的让步和方式状语从句 He looks as if he were an artist. He talked about the accident as if he had seen it. in order that, so that, in case, for fear that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词可用（should) do Keep quiet in case you(should)interrupt him. She is now studying hard for fear that she(should)fail in the exam. 虚拟语气用于主语从句之中 necessary, natural, strange, important, surprising, vital等用于句型“It is+adj.+that...”中，that 引导的主语从句中谓语动 ... ...