2025年中考英语二轮复习讲义定语从句

定语从句 1.定义：用来修饰名词或代词的从句 例如：She is a beautiful girl （who teaches English.） 先行词 关系词（定语从句） 2.关系词作用：连接作用：连接先行词和从句 代替先行词：在句子中充当成分 限制性定语从句关系词 先行词 关系代词 关系副词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 人 That或who That或who或whom或不填 That或不填 Whose When Where Why 介词+which 物 That或which That或which或不填 注意：whose+n.=the+n.+of which/of whom = of which/of whom+ the+n. 例如：They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. = They came to a house the back wall of which had broken down. = They came to a house of which the back wall had broken down He is the man the name of whom I ‘ve completely forgotten. = He is the man of whom the name I ‘ve completely forgotten. = He is the man whose name I ‘ve completely forgotten. 3.巩固提升 Yesterday Li Ming went to the village _____ he visited five years ago. A.where B.who C.that （which/不填 ） D.whom 关系副词（不缺少成分） 先行词是time, day, morning, night, week, year 等,用关系副词when 注意：当occasion 表示“特定的时刻”，用关系副词when 例如：Do you know the date when Lincoln was born 先行词是place，spot，street，room，city等用关系副词where 注意：当point，situation，case，condition，stage（阶段）等表达“情况，境地，场合”等抽象意义的地点时，用where 例如： This is the hotel where they are staying 先行词是reason，用why 例如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 4.巩固提升 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ____where_____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 注意事项：a.关系副词（where/when/why）=介词+which 介词后只能用which；介词根据先行词或动词搭配来选择 例如：I was in Beijing that day when(=on which) he arrived. The office where(=in/at which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why(=for which) we did it. b.当先行词表时间的time，day等和表地点的place，house等时，一定要注意分析关系词所在句子中所充当的成分。 例如：I‘ll never forget the day ____when_____ my hometown was liberated. I‘ll never forget the days__that/which/不填_____ we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory ____where_____ radio parts are made. His father works in a factory _____that/which_____ makes radio parts. c. when和where既可引导限制性定语从句又可以引导非限制性定语从句，why只能引导限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句：与主句关系不密切，附加说明，用“，”分开 例如：Hismother，whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago. 非限制性定语从句关系词 先行词 关系副词 主语 宾语 定语 状语 人 who who或whom Whose When Where 物 which which 其先行词可以是名词，代词还可以是整个句子（关系词可用as/which） 关系词特殊用法： That 与which，who, whom用法区别 情况 用法说明 例句 只用that的情况 先行词为不定代词all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much 先行词被不定代词all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few修饰时 先行词被形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 先行词指物且被the only,the very 修饰时 先行词既指人又指物 句子中已有who或which，避免重复 He told me everything that he knew. 只用which，who, whom的情况 在非限制性定语从句中，指代物 ... ...