2025届高三英语二轮复习：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句知识清单素材

2025界高三英语限制性定语从句知识清单 考点一、基本概念 定语从句： 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 复合句=主句+定语从句（关系词+从句） 先行词： 先行词被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用： 关系词代替先行词，在从句中充当一定的成分。 代替作用 引导作用 充当成分作用。 引导定语从句的词有： 关系代词that, which, who ,whom, whose, as 关系副词when, where, why The man who lives next to us is a policeman.住在我们隔壁的人是警察。 先行词 定语从句(who是关系词，在从句中充当主语) 考点二、关系代词引导的定语从句 who指人，在定语从句中充当主语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩们来自一班。 Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略 Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 刘先生就是你谈到的那个人。 【温馨提示】关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。 which指物，在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语，作宾语时可省略 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大部分男孩喜欢的游戏。(which在句子中作主语) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的笔。(which在句子中做宾语) that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. 来参观城市的人都在这儿了。(that在句子中做主语) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning 今天早上我见到的那个人在哪里？(that在句子中做宾语) whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中充当定语 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个朋友，朋友的爸爸是医生。 I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 我过去住在一个屋顶塌陷的房子里。 whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 whose+n.=the+n.+of+which/whom The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏掉的那个教室将很快被修理。 (2) Do you like the book whose color is yellow =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow 你喜欢那本颜色是黄色的书吗？ 考点三、关系代词that的特殊用法 先行词指物是，可以用which，也可以用that引导，但下面情况只能用that的情况 当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, everybody, nobody, much, little, any等不定代词，或被no, little, all等修饰时。 This is all that I know. 这就是我所知道的全部内容了。 There is nothing in the world that can frighten him. 世界上没有什么东西能够吓到他。 当先行词有the only, the very, the same修饰时。 Mary is the only girl that can speak Chinese. 玛丽是唯一一个能说中文的女孩。 You are the very boy that I want. 你正是我想要的那个男孩。 当先行词前被最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过最有趣的书。 This is the last chance that you have. 这是你拥有的最后一个机会。 当先行词既含有表示人的名词，又含有表示物的名词时。 They talked about the men and the things that they saw in the country. 他们 ... ...