(
课件网) Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Discovering useful strutures Ellipsis (省略) Ellipsis Cases of ellipsis in the public signs You cannot smoke here. You can park your car here. You cannot take photos here. You should cross here with care on your bike. subject 主语 modal verb 情态动词 Simple sentence 简单句 结合上面的对话完成句子 1. While _____ (iron) clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. 2. Remove clothing using scissors _____ (如果有必要的话) unless it is stuck to the burn. ironing if necessary What is Ellipsis Why should we use Ellipsis 为了避免重复，将句子中的一个或几个成分省去，这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。 I can give you some advice. I touched the iron accidentally. Ellipsis 1 2 3 4 5 6 Imperative sentence 祈使句 Adverbial clause 状语从句 Exclamatory sentence 感叹句 Compound sentence 并列句 Simple sentence 简单句 Attributive clause 定语从句 7 ... 省略句的定义(definition of ellipsis) 省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使 上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。 省略在语言中, 尤其在对话中, 是一种 十分普遍的现象。 省略前提: 主谓宾, 定状表, 如有重复可删掉。 省略原则: 词语省略后, 不致令人费解。 ① (You) Come in, please. ② (I) See you tomorrow. ③ (I) Thank you for your help. ④ (I) Beg your pardon. 简单句中的省略 1. 省略主语: 祈使句中的主语通常被省略; 其他省略主语的情况多限于 少数现成的说法。 ① (It) Sounds a good idea. ② (Will you) Have a smoke ③ (Would you like) Something to drink ④ (You come) This way, please. 2. 省略主语或谓语的一部分 3. 省略宾语 ① -- Do you know Miss Hu -- I don't know (her). ② Tom enjoys dancing, but Peter hates (dancing). 可以省略宾语的全部 ① Don't touch anything unless the teacher tells you to (touch). ② -- Are you a teacher -- No, but I want to be (a teacher). ③ -- He hasn't finished the task. -- Well, he ought to have (finished it). 可以省略作宾语的动词不定式, 只保留to, 但如果该宾语是动词be或完成形式, 则须在to后加上be或have。 ① -- Are you thirsty -- Yes, I am (thirsty). ② His brother isn't lazy. Nor is his sister (lazy). 4. 省略表语 ① -- Are you feeling better now -- (I'm feeling) Better (now). ② -- When did you read the novel -- (I read it) Long ago. ③ Let's meet at the school gate as thesame as (we met) yesterday. 5. 同时省略几个句子成分 Ellipsis in compound sentence复合句中的省略 1.省略共同的主语或宾语。 *Mr. Smith picked up a coin on the road and (Mr. Smith) handed it to a policeman. 史密斯先生在路上拾起一枚硬币，并把它交给了一位警察。 2.若主语不同而其后的助动词、情态动词相同，则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。 *Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽在写作业。 并列句中的省略 3. 若句子中前半句与后半句的主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的谓语成分。 *His approach to solving the problem made me happy, but (made) Jim angry. 他的解决该问题的方法使我高兴，但使吉姆愤怒。 4. 若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略后面的主要动词及后续部 ... ...
