2025届高考英语二轮复习知识点专题一 定语从句 讲义

2025高考一轮复习知识点 专题 一 定语从句 一、that引导定语从句,在从句中充当成分。 1.that在定语从句中作宾语时，往往可省略。 如：（1）John once talked to his mom about the cities（that）he had visited abroad.在从句中that作visit的宾语，故可以省略。 （2）The homework（that）I finished last night was left at home.在从句中that作finish的宾语，故可以省略。 2.that在定语从句中作主语时，不可省略。如： （1）The teacher that is kind to us goes back home very late every day.在从句中that作主语，故不可以省略。 （2）My old school that was located in the suburban was razed to the ground.在从句中that作主语，故不可以省略。 3.that在引导限定性定语从句时，有时相当于in which, at which, for which或on which, 并且在从句中可以省略。如： Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处 二、that引导名词性从句时，充当连词，本身无实际意义。 1.that在引导宾语从句时，通常可省略。如： We know(that)sound can travel through air.that引导的从句在主句中充当know的宾语，故为宾语从句，此时that可以省略。但：（1）在介词短语后的宾语从句中that常不可省略，且前面往往有个形式宾语it。如: You may depend on it that they will support your plan.See to it that you arrive at the railway station on time. (2)两个宾语从句连用时，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that。如： I believe(that)you’ve done your best and that things will get better. (3)在双宾语结构中，that从句充当直接宾语或是间接宾语时，不可以省略that。如： He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 2.that引导主语从句、同位语从句及表语从句时，正规语中，通常不可省略。 （1）We heard the news that our team had won.that引导同位语从句，that不可以省略。 （2）The fact is that we have lost the game.that引导表语从句，that不可以省略。 （3）That you didn’t go to the party was a pity.that引导主语从句，that不可以省略。 不过，如果it作形式主语，that从句放在句末，可以省略that。如：（4）It was a pity(that)you didn’t go to the party. 三、that引导状语从句时，充当连词，有时也可省略。 1.（结果状语从句）The sound is so weak(that)you can't hear it. 2. (结果状语从句)Now(that)I have finished my lessons,I intend to go for a walk. 3.(某些边际连词)如：the moment that, the minute that,the instant中省略that. The moment(that)he spoke,we recognized his voice. 第二篇 定语从句中的特殊用法 定语从句是起定语作用的,修饰、说明名词、代词或句子内容的从句,被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。引导定语从句，并在句中担任成分的词叫做关系代词或关系副词。定语从句是常考内容之一，使用时要尤其注意以下几种特殊用法。 一、只用that不用which的情况 1、当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。如：Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.当时发生的一切就像是一场噩梦。 I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.我要把你在舞会上跟我说的话全都告诉他。、当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。例如：2The only thing that we could do was to wait ... ...