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课件网) 第一部分 中考语法知识 第十节 动词的语态 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。值得注意的是，只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词是没有被动语态的。 语法精炼 考点一：被动语态的构成与用法 一、被动语态的构成 类型 构成 例句 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are＋done The trees are planted by the students every year. 一般过去时的被动语态 was/were＋done The trees were planted by the students last year. 类型 构成 例句 一般将来时的被动语态 will be＋done The trees will be planted by the students next year. 现在完成时的被动语态* has/have been＋done The trees have been planted by the students recently. 类型 构成 例句 现在进行时的被动语态* am/is/are＋being done The trees are being planted by the students now. 含有情态动词的被动语态* 情态动词＋be＋done The trees should be planted by the students. 使役动词的被动语态(通常考查make)* sb. be made to do The students are made to plant the trees. 类型 构成 例句 感官动词的被动语态 (通常考查see, hear等)* sb. be seen/heard to do The students are seen to plant the trees. (注：带有*的内容，不属于最新“课标”的要求，供学有余力的考生参考使用) 二、被动语态的用法 序号 用法 例句 1 当不知道动作的执行者是谁时 The trees were planted many years ago. 2 在没必要或不想指出动作的执行者是谁时 Lots of food was sent to different areas just now. 3 当强调或突出动作的承受者时 Another bridge will be built next year. 【针对练习】 ( )1．(2024 广州，11)One reason is that the penguin eggs _____ by seabirds and other animals. A．eat B．ate C．are eating D．are eaten D ( )2．(2024 江西，5)Ted preferred pop music when he _____ about his favorite music in the interview. A．was asked B．asked C．is asked D．asks ( )3．(2024 河北，38)Emma got excited when her writing _____ as a model in class. A．reads B．read C．is read D．was read A D ( )4．(2024 陕西，8)After the dog _____ , it will use its super-powerful nose to help the officer look for criminals, search for stolen things and sniff(嗅) out something dangerous and illegal. A．trains B．trained C．is trained D．was trained C ( )5．(2024 宿迁，9)—A fashion show _____ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held D 考点二：主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 主动语态 变被动语态的方法 例句 带双宾语的句子 通常把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留在原位 My mother gave me a hat. →I was given a hat (by my mother). 把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，则要在间接宾语前加介词 My mother gave me a hat yesterday. →A hat was given to me (by my mother) yesterday. 主动语态 变被动语态的方法 例句 某些不带to的不定式 某些动词，如make, see, hear, watch, notice等后常跟不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时要加to He makes me do this or that. →I am made to do this or that. “不及物动词＋介词或副词”的动词短语 这类动词短语变为被动语态时，其中的介词或副词不能少 My mother looks after us very well. →We are looked a ... ...
