2025年中考英语二轮复习学案——动词及其分类

动词分类 动词时态 被动语态 非谓语动词 词根词缀 Part one动词的分类 1.及物动词Transitive Verb和不及物动词Intransitive Verb 英语中根据动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成不及物动词与及物动词。 及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于：“主+谓+宾”;“主+谓+双宾”；“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构。 He reached Paris the day before yesterday. Please hand me the book over there. They asked me to go fishing with them. 不及物动词后不能跟宾语，只能用于“主+谓”结构 This is the room where I once lived. 不及物动词如果要加宾语，必须在其后先添加介词，如to, of, at，然后可加上宾语。不及物动词没有被动语态。 Students are listening to the music. She always laughs at me. 2. 谓语动词Predicative Verb和非谓语动词Non-predictive Verb 谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词，有及物动词和不及物动词、系动词、情态动词、和助动词等。 He works very hard. My mother brings me an umbrella. It is a sunny day today. Lily can swim well. Tom will become a scientist when he grows up. 非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。 Part Two 动词的时态 时态种类 时态构成 一般现在时态（Simple Present Tense） write(writes) 一般过去时态（Simple Past Tense） wrote 一般将来时态（Simple Future Tense） will (shall) write 过去将来时态（Past Future Tense） should (would) write 过去进行时（Past Present Tense） be (was, were) writing 现在进行时（Simple Present Tense） be (am, is, are) writing 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense） have (has) written 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense） had written 现在完成进行时（Present Perfect Progressive tense） have(has) been writing 过去完成进行时(Past Perfect Progressive tense) had been writing 句子填空：选用括号里的词的正确形式完成句子 He keeps telling his students that the future _____ (belong) to the well-educated. If he _____ (follow) my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. Tom is looking for the watch his uncle _____ (give) him last month. You'd better stay until the rain _____ (stop). I _____ (ride) my bicycle to the bookshop when it suddenly began to rain. I was all wet through. Part three 动词的被动语态 动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。主要有下列几种情况：不知道动作的执行者；没有必要指出动作的执行者；需要强调或突出动作承受者；句子的主语是动作的承受者。 以tell为例，其被动语态的构成如下： 时态种类 被动语态 一般现在时 be (am, is, are) told 一般过去时 be ( was, were) told 现在进行时 be (am, is, are) being told 现在完成时 have (has) been told 一般将来时 shall (will) be told 过去进行时 be ( was, were) being told 过去完成时 had been told 过去将来时 should(would) be told 含有情态动词 can(may, must) be told 句子填空：选用括号里的词的正确形式完成句子 1. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _____ (build) in our school in the next semester. My mother isn't at home now. She _____ (ask) to go shopping. Part Four 非谓语动词 非谓语动词不受主语的限定，没有人称和数的变化，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语 ... ...