11 历史人物中华文化-2025年中考英语【热点 重点 难点】专练（原卷版 解析版）

/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科 11 历史人物 战国时期文化繁荣，百家争鸣，各种思想学说相互碰撞。秦国在文化上相对落后，但在统一六国的过程中，也不断吸收其他各国的文化成果。秦始皇统一六国后，推行 “书同文” 等政策，对中国文化的统一和传承产生了深远影响。 宋代文化繁荣，理学兴起，强调儒家的忠义观念和民族气节。岳飞深受儒家思想的影响，以 “精忠报国” 为己任，其爱国精神和忠诚品质成为了当时和后世推崇的典范。同时，宋代的军事文化也对岳飞产生了一定的影响，他在军事战略和战术方面有着卓越的才能，善于运用骑兵和步兵的配合，取得了多次对金作战的胜利。唐朝文化氛围浓厚，诗歌成为主要的文学形式，文人之间相互唱和、交流。同时，儒、释、道三教并行，李白的思想深受其影响，既有儒家的积极入世精神，又有道家的追求自由、超脱的思想，还对佛教的禅理有一定的感悟，这些都体现在他的诗歌创作中。清朝统治者推行文化专制政策，但民间文化依然繁荣，小说创作盛行。曹雪芹深受中国传统文化的熏陶，对诗词、戏曲、绘画等艺术形式都有很高的造诣，这些都融入到了《红楼梦》的创作中，使作品具有丰富的文化内涵。西方文化大量涌入，与中国传统文化发生激烈碰撞。新文化运动兴起，倡导民主、科学等新思想，反对封建礼教和旧文化。鲁迅是新文化运动的旗手，他的作品对封建礼教、旧传统进行了深刻的批判，同时也积极引进和传播西方的进步文化思想。 题型 主要内容 1 阅读理解 讲述了东汉著名学者孔融让梨的故事，展现了他的体贴和考虑他人的品质。 2 阅读理解 介绍了杜甫的一首诗《春夜喜雨》，逐句介绍了诗中蕴含的意义。 3 阅读理解 介绍了孔子的经历、对教育的贡献及其重要思想。 4 阅读理解 讲述了大约2300年前，秦国的太守李冰修建都江堰以解决洪水问题的故事。 5 阅读理解 介绍了伟大的教育家、思想家孔子。 6 阅读理解 介绍了古代的几位名人的成就。 7 阅读理解 讲述了诸葛亮草船借箭的故事。 8 阅读理解 介绍了五位中国古代有影响力的人。 9 阅读理解 讲述了中国历史上著名的医生李时珍以及他写的《本草纲目》。 10 阅读理解 讲述了神农教人们耕种及为了人们的健康，尝百草的故事。 01 During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a boy called Kong Rong. He was very considerate when he was only four. He had five older brothers and one younger brother. One day his father bought some pears. Some of pears were big and looked good. Some were small and didn’t look so good. The boys were happy and began to choose some. Their father picked one of the largest and gave it to Kong Rong deliberately (特意地). But Kong Rong shook his head and picked up the smallest one. His dad was very curious (好奇的), and asked, “Why not choose a bigger one, my son ” Kong Rong answered, “I am younger, so I should eat the smaller pear, and brothers should eat the bigger ones.” His dad was very glad after hearing his words, but asked further, “What about your younger brother who is younger than you are ” Kong Rong said, “I am older than him, so I should leave the bigger one to my little brother.” Kong’s father was very happy that Kong could be so considerate. He didn’t think of what he himself wanted. He thought of what others wanted first. Later, Kong Rong became a great scholar (学者). 1．Which picture can match the story A． B． C． 2．How many kids are there in Kong Rong’s family A．6. B．7. C．8. 3． ... ...