陕旅版小学英语四大时态总结

陕西旅游版《小学英语》出现的四种时态总结 　　陕西旅游版《小学英语》一至六册中出现的四种时态，分别是：一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，一般过去时。 　　下面我们一一进行总结。 1、? 一般现在时 　　A、表示不受时限的客观存在如：He is a boy.? She is a student.? My mother is a nurse. This is a dog.? I have a book. 　　B、表示现在的习惯动作，即指现在经常发生的动作，一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示程度或频度的词连用，如：often（经常） , usually（通常，一般） , sometimes（有时） , always（总是，一直） , never（从不） 如：I often go to school on foot.? My father works in a school. ? Mike watches TV every day.? I usually play computer games on the weekend.? 　　C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作如：How are you? You look happy.? What’s the matter with you? I have a headache. What do you have for lunch?? I have some chicken. 注意? 英语动词的现在时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时，须在词尾加-s 或 -es。例如：I have a fish for dinner.? Her mother works in a hospital.? Amy often goes to school by bike.? Mr. Liu teaches us English.? 加-es 的动词必须是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母结尾的。如：watches , teaches , goes , washes?? 2、一般将来时表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year , this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等。注意? 一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构：①be going to + 动词的原形 / 地点????? ②will + 动词的原形????? 例句： I’m going to go shopping this afternoon.? She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky. 3、现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。注意它的构成是：be的现在时形式（am , is , are）加动词的ing形式。如：What are you doing?? I’m writing a letter.? What are they doing?? They’re swimming.Is he playing chess?? Yes, he is.Look, Amy is reading an English book. 　　注意 动词的ing形式的构成规则： 　　①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 　　② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing 　　③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting ４、一般过去时主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态，也可表示过去的习惯动作。它与现在时间不发生关系，它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。它经常与表示过去的时间连用。如：I went to a park yesterday.? I read a book last night. I watched TV yesterday evening.I went on a big trip last weekend.? I failed my Chinese test.? 　　注意　一般过去时主要体现在动词的形式要用过去式，动词的过去式的构成规则有： Ａ、规则动词 ①一般直接在动词的后面加ed　；如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited ②以e结尾的动词直接加d　；如　lived , danced , used ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed　（此类动词较少）如　study – studied carry – carried? worry – worried （play、stay除外）④ 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如　stopped? Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式： sing – sang ,eat – ate , see – saw , have – had ,?do – did , go – went , take – took ... ...