(
课件网) Unit 7 Seasons Period 3 Grammar 1 课时导入 2 课文呈现 3 考点精讲 4 单元 语法沙龙 5 课堂小结 Winter is coming. Grammar Verbs and sentence structures The basic parts of a sentence are the subject (S) , the verb (V) and the object (O) .Usually a statement begins with the subject and the verb. We divide verbs into three kinds: intransitive verbs ( vi.) , transitive verbs (vt.) and linking verbs (linking v.) . An intransitive verb does not take an object. The sentence structure is like this: S + V → The temperature drops. A transitive verb takes an object. The verb tells us what the subject does to something else (the object) . The sentence structure is like this: S + V + O → Farmers harvest crops. TIP The subject and object can be a pronoun or a noun phrase. A linking verb links the subject and the adjective phrase or noun phrase that describes it. TIP Common linking verbs are: be become feel get grow look seem smell sound stay taste turn A word or a group of words that follows a linking verb is the predicative (P) . The sentence structure is like this: S + V + P→Autumn leaves turn brown. A. Millie is writing about the seasons. Help her underline the verb in each sentence and write down the main structure of the sentence. 1. We have four seasons. _____ 2. They are quite different. _____ 3. Spring is warm and sunny. _____ 4. We fly kites. _____ have S+V+O are S+V+P is S+V+P fly S+V+O 5. We like summer. _____ 6. Ice cream tastes nice. _____ 7. Autumn arrives. _____ 8. Snow falls. _____ like S+V+O tastes S+V+P arrives S+V falls S+V Some transitive verbs can take two objects, the direct object (DO) and the indirect object (IO) .The sentence structure is like this: S+V+IO+DO→Hobo brought Eddie his clothes. We can change the structure S+V+IO+DO with to. Hobo gave Eddie some ice cream. Hobo gave some ice cream to Eddie. TIP Verbs can be used with to: bring give hand lend offer pass pay post read sell send show take teach tell write We can change the structure S+V+IO+DO with for. Hobo built Eddie a tent. Hobo built a tent for Eddie. TIP Verbs can be used with for: bring build buy cook find get leave make order pick save The complement can also follow a direct object to rename or describe it. In this case, it is called the object complement (OC) .The sentence structure is like this: S+V+DO+OC→Eddie is watching Hobo work. We can add an adverbial to each of the above five main structures. We use an adverbial to show when (adverbial of time) , where (adverbial of place) or how (adverbial of manner) an action is done. Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday. B. Amy keeps a weather diary. Read the sentences from her diary entries and describe the main structures of the underlined sentences. 1. It was a perfect day today. There was not a cloud in the sky. Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning. 2. The clouds became dark. They covered the sun. Luckily, it ... ...
