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课件网) language and grammar Module 8 My future life Learning Objectives At the end of the class, Ss’ll be able to: 1. summarize the structures of object clauses and attributive clauses from the graduation speech; 2. use object clauses and attributive clauses to show ideas and plans on graduation； 3. write a short passage to show memories and future plans about the graduation season. I think (that) her school life was ... Her friends who she met in school are... ... Lead in According to Betty’s speech, what do you think of her school life/ friends/teachers... 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。 Grammar———object clauses We know Jay Chou. 主 谓 宾 We know that Jay Chou sings very well. 主 谓 宾语从句 学好宾语从句共有 需要突破： 引导词———语序———时态 三关 引导词 引导词的作用 例句 that that引导宾语从句时在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，常被省略。 I believe (that) August is the hottest month in China. whether/if 如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转化而来，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”，不可省略。 I don’t know whether he will come home for the festival or not. 疑问词(what/who/when/where...) 在从句中作一定的成分, 如: 主语、宾语、状语等。 I want to know what they are going to do. 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序。 宾语从句的时态 ①如果主句是现在时，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 I don’t know when he will come back. ②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。 He told me（that）he would come to the party. 注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。 He said that light travels much faster than sound. 在复合句中，如作定语的是一个从句，该从句被称为定语从句。 Grammar ———attributive clauses Look at the photos (that) I took on my trip. 关系词 先行词 定语从句 先行词： 是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句 2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。 定语从句的关系词 ①that在从句中作主语或宾语，指物或指人。作宾语时常可省略。 The man that is playing the piano is Jay Chou. ②which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。作宾语时常可省略。 The book (which) I like best is a gift from my mother. ③who在从句中作主语或宾语(有时用whom)，指人。作宾语时常可省略，但在“介词+whom”中，不可省略。 The boy (who/whom) she is talking with is my brother. 只能用 that 不能用which的情况。 I am sure she has something that you can borrow. 1. 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. 2. 先行词被every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。 that与which的区别 3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book that he has read. This is the very book that belongs to him. 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等词修饰时。 5. 先行词为人和物的组合。 They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 6. 当主句是以who,which开头的特殊 ... ...
