Passage 1 For a long time, people have had a certain understanding of how the brain processes language. Specific brain areas, like Broca's area, have been thought to be directly involved in language processing. However, a new and controversial analysis challenges this traditional view. Jeremy Skipper from University College London and his colleagues argue that the brain regions previously identified as special language - processing centers are actually hubs that coordinate language processing across multiple regions of the brain. This idea goes against the long - held belief and has been met with skepticism. Since the 1800s, there has been evidence suggesting that specific brain areas handle language. For example, Broca's area was thought to play a key role in speech production. But brain - imaging studies often show activity in other areas when people perform language tasks, which indicates that the situation might be more complex. Skipper says, “There's also a process that goes into language. It's like the way we do as human beings.” To prove their point, Skipper and his colleagues conducted a two - part study. They reanalyzed data from existing meta - analyses of previous studies on language processing. The results showed that activation related to language was not limited to regions like Broca's area. When they looked at more specific language - processing tasks, such as naming different types of nouns, they found that various brain regions were involved. Skipper points out that what we call “language regions” are actually connectivity hubs. These regions coordinate a lot of other areas in the brain. Even when doing simple tasks like saying the word “chicken,” multiple regions in the brain are communicating. This new perspective may change our understanding of how the brain works when it comes to language. What is the traditional view of language processing in the brain A. Multiple brain regions work together to process language. B. Specific brain areas are mainly responsible for language processing. C. The brain processes language in a very complex way. D. Language regions are connectivity hubs in the brain. Why did Skipper and his colleagues conduct the study A. To support the long - held belief about language processing. B. To find out the exact role of Broca's area in language. C. To challenge the traditional understanding of language processing in the brain. D. To analyze the data from previous studies on language. What can we learn from the new study A. Only Broca's area is involved in language processing. B. Saying a simple word only activates a few brain regions. C. The so - called language regions coordinate other brain areas during language processing. D. Previous brain - imaging studies about language were wrong. Which of the following best describes the new analysis of language processing A. Controversial. B. Unreliable. C. Out - dated. D. Well - accepted. Passage 2 Emily and Olivia Kilby, the sisters behind Wheely Good Cera ... ...
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