ID: 22466242

沪教版八年级下册Module 2 Arts and crafts Unit 3 Traditional skills 基础语法汇总(含答案)

日期:2025-04-25 科目:英语 类型:初中学案 查看:30次 大小:37473B 来源:二一课件通
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Traditional,答案,汇总,语法,基础,skills
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沪教版八年级下册第 3 单元基础语法汇总: 1.被动语态 (1)基本结构 1 公式: be 动词 + 过去分词 (V-ed) 2 动作的承受者作主语,执行者用by + 宾语(可省略)。 例句:The cake is eaten by the children.蛋糕被孩子们吃掉了。 (2)不同时态的被动语态 时态 被动结构 例句(附翻译) 一般现在时 am/is/are + V-ed The room is cleaned every day. (房间每天被打扫。) 一般过去时 was/were + V-ed The letter was written yesterday. (信昨天被写好了。) 一般将来时 will be + V-ed The project will be finished soon. (项目很快会被完成。) 现在进行时 am/is/are being + V-ed The car is being repaired now. (车正在被修理。) 过去进行时 was/were being + V-ed The dinner was being cooked when I arrived. (我到达时,晚餐正在被 准备。) 现在完成时 have/has been + V-ed The homework has been done. (作业已经被完成了。) (3)被动语态的使用场合 1 强调动作的承受者(而非执行者): 例句 1 :The window was broken. 窗户被打破了。 2 不知道或无需指出动作执行者: 例句:English is spoken in many countries. 许多国家说英语。 3 客观描述事实或科学结论: 例句:The earth is surrounded by air. 地球被空气包围。 (4)特殊注意事项 1 不及物动词(vi. )无被动语态:类似动词:appear, disappear, take place 例句: The accident happened yesterday. 事故昨天发生了。 2 主动表被动的动词: 例句 1 :The book sells well. 这本书卖得很好。(书“被卖”) 例句 2 :The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写起来很流畅。(笔“被使用”) 3 带情态动词的被动:情态动词 + be + V-ed 例句:The work must be finished today. 工作今天必须被完成。 4 双宾语的被动转换: 例句 1:He gave me a book.(主动) 例句 2:A book was given to me (by him).(被动) 例句 3 :I was given a book (by him). (被动) 5 (5)常见错误提醒 ① 遗漏be 动词: × The cake eaten by him. → √ was eaten ② 混淆时态和语态: × The movie is watch by us. → √ is watched ③ 错误使用by 短语: × The song is liked from many people. → √ by 练习巩固: (1)They built this bridge in 2020. (2)The news (report) on TV yesterday. 2. 一般现在时(Simple Present Tense):用于描述习惯性动作(如 日常活动)、 普遍真理(自然规律)或当前状态。 第三人称单数(he/she/it)需加 -s/-es(例:catches, uses) 例句 1:Damin sets off in the late afternoon. 大民傍晚出发。 例句 2 :Cormorants dive underwater to catch fish. 鸬鹚潜入水中捕鱼。 例句 3:Farmers use cats to control mice. 农民用猫控制老鼠。 常见错误:忘记第三人称单数的动词变化(如“He use cormorants” → 错误)。 练习题:用动词的正确形式填空: (1)The fisherman _____ (clean) his boat every morning. (2)She _____ (go) to the market every day. 将以下句子改为一般现在时: Damin is tying grass around the birds. → Damin grass around the birds. 3. 情态动词(Modal Verbs) 1 can 表示能力或可能性 例句:They can swim well. 2 must 表示义务或必要性 例句:You must listen carefully. 3 should 表示建议 例句:You should check the temperature. 4 may/might 表示可能性 例句:It may rain tomorrow. 6 、例句 1:Blind people must use dogs to guide them. 盲人必须用导盲犬引路。 例句 2 :Students should finish their homework on time. 学生应按时完成作业。 例句 3 :The light ... ...

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