《新概念英语2》第94课知识清单 一、词汇 1. instruct 音标:英/ n str kt/;美/ n str kt/ 词性:v. 词义:指示;命令;吩咐;教授;指导;告知;通知 用法:“instruct sb. to do sth.”(指示某人做某事),“instruct sb. in sth.”(教授某人某事) 2. competent 音标:英/ k mp t nt/;美/ kɑ mp t nt/ 词性:adj. 词义:有能力的;能胜任的;合格的;称职的;足以胜任的;有决定权的 用法:“be competent to do sth.”(有能力做某事),“be competent in sth.”(在某方面有能力) 3. obey 音标:英/ be /;美/o be / 词性:v. 词义:服从;遵守;顺从;听从 用法:“obey the rules”(遵守规则),“obey one's orders”(听从某人的命令) 4. intelligent 音标:英/ n tel d nt/;美/ n tel d nt/ 词性:adj. 词义:有才智的;聪明的;有智力的;智能的 用法:“an intelligent student”(聪明的学生),“intelligent design”(智能设计) 5. artificial 音标:英/ ɑ t f l/;美/ ɑ rt f l/ 词性:adj. 词义:人工的;人造的;人为的;假的;非自然的;虚假的;假装的 用法:“artificial intelligence”(人工智能),“artificial light”(人造光) 二、重点句型 1. Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. 语法点:现在完成时,“have proved”表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 ,“that children can be instructed...”是宾语从句,作“proved”的宾语 ,含有情态动词的被动语态,“can be instructed”表示“能够被教授” 。 例句:Studies have shown that students can be trained in critical thinking at a young age.(研究表明学生在年幼时就能接受批判性思维的训练。) 2. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. 语法点:一般现在时,“become”“can walk”描述现在经常发生的动作和状态 ,“become expert at doing sth.”表示“成为做某事的专家,擅长做某事” 。 例句:At this special training center, athletes become proficient at using advanced equipment even before they participate in major competitions.(在这个特殊的训练中心,运动员甚至在参加重大比赛前就熟练掌握先进设备的使用。) 3. Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. 语法点:一般现在时,“do not appear”“are”“can pick up”描述现在的动作和状态 ,“It is not long before...”表示“不久之后就……” ,“so... that...”引导结果状语从句 ,表示“如此……以至于……” 。 例句:Puppies of three months old do not seem to be afraid of strangers. It is not long before they are so familiar with the environment that they can play freely.(三个月大的小狗似乎不怕陌生人。不久之后它们就会对环境如此熟悉,以至于能自由玩耍。) 三、语法聚焦 1. 现在完成时 构成:主语+have/has+过去分词 。当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其他人称用have 。 用法:表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 ,常与already、yet、just等副词连用 ;表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态 ,常与“for + 时间段”“since + 时间点”等连用 。如“I have already finished my homework.”(我已经完成作业了) ;He has lived here for five years.(他在这里住了五年了) 。 2. ... ...