动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。 表将来的动作。 We must find a person to do the job.我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。 We need someone to go and get a doctor.我们需要有人去请医生。 We have much homework to do tonight.今晚我们有很多作业要做。 名词前有形容词最高级、序数词、限定词（如the first, the last, all, any, no, next, only）等词修饰时, 其后要用动词不定式。 She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女选手。 This is the best way to solve the problem.（2020天津卷） He is always the first to arrive at school. （2022新高考Ⅰ卷） 抽象名词 attempt, ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, effort, means, right, time, way, desire, determination, decision, plan, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, wish, reason, moment, time等或不定代词something, nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。 She has the desire to do useful work.她有愿望去做有用的工作。 Women have no right to vote and to be voted in that country. 在那个国家,女性没有选举权和被选举权。 For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something to eat! （2016年四川卷） 注意：动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义： 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系，并且不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义；但如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，需用被动形式。 He found a good house to live in.他找到了一个居住的好房子。 The child has nothing to worry about. 这个孩子无忧无虑。 I have some homework to do. (主语I做) 我有一些作业要做。 I’m going to Shanghai. Do you have anything to be taken to your parents (不是主语you做) 我要去上海。你有东西要带给你父母吗？ 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要有相应的介词。但当名词是time, place或way时，不定式后的介词可以省略。 I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支笔写字。（2021全国卷Ⅱ） I have a comfortable house to live in. 我有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。 Tom had no money and no place to live (in). 汤姆没有钱，也没有地方居住。 动词不定式作结果状语 常用于enough to, so…as to, such…as to, only to以及too…to等结构中。 The case was too heavy to be carried by a child.箱子太重小孩拿不动。 He worked hard, only to fail at last.他努力工作，最终结果却是失败。 He was so careless as to leave his keys at home.（2020全国Ⅲ卷） The girl is not old enough to go to school.这个女孩还小，不能上学。 1. 表示一种意外的结果, 常和only连用，只放于句末，既可用逗号隔开，也可不用逗号隔开。 He hurried to the station only to find the train had left. （2018北京卷） 他匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已开走了。 George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him. 乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。 2.系表结构后跟不定式作状语： be +adj.+ to do可以作原因或结果状语。 I’m sorry to hear that your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。 The water is not fit to drink. 这水不宜喝。 They (指竹子) are easy to care for and make great presents. （2020年全国卷Ⅱ） 注意： 1.不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句 ... ...
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