一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;(1)单音节词,如:small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest(2)双音节词,如:clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest 2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;如:large→larger→largest 3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest 5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differenteasily→more easily→most easily注意:(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用. The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.(2)形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常". It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如:good/well→better→best bad/ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther → furthest/farthes 二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法 1.“A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B”,意思为“A比B更……”。如:This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。注意:①在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much,even, a little, a lot, a bit, far 等词修饰。A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.③very, quite, so, too, enough只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。 2.“比较级+ and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”,表示“越来越……”①It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。②It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。③The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。④Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽 3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。Who is taller, Tim or Tom 谁更高,Tim还是Tom 4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。①The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多。②The sooner,the better. 越快越好。 5. 表示倍数的比较级用法:①. A + be +倍数+ times +the + 形容词对应名词形式+ of + B.The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②. A + be +倍数+ times+as +原级+ as+ B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③. A + be + 序数词+比较级+ than + B.Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。 6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:of the three, in our class等等。He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。 7.as...as...表示同级比较,意为“像……一样……”两个as之间用形容词副词的原级。其 ... ...
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