被动语态 定义 主动语态 被动语态 构成 助动词_____+及物动词的_____ Shakespeare’s plays are seen by millions of people every year. 主动语态转换为被动语态的步骤 主语+谓语+宾语 （主动语态） 宾语+谓语+（by+主语） （被动语态） We speak English.（主动语态） 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by us.（被动语态） 主语 谓语 宾语 结构 肯定句 主语+助动词be+_____+(by...) 否定句 主语+助动词be+_____+_____+(by...) 疑问句 助动词be+主语+_____+(by...) 特殊疑问词+助动词be+主语+_____+(by...) 被动语态的应用 序号 情形 例句 1 当我们不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时 Such books are written for children. 2 当谈话的中心是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者是 A large number of engineers are sent to Africa (by our government) to help people there every year. 3 由于某种原因不愿或回避谈论动作的执行者时 Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere. 4 为礼貌起见避免提及动作的执行者时 I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself. 注意事项 序号 情形 例句 1 There be句式没有被动语态 There is a man standing over there. 2 不及物动词没有被动语态 Interest rates rise from 4% to 5%. 3 动词短语变为被动语态时应将其视为一个整体，不能随意拆开或省略。 The doctor looks over the patient carefully. →The patient is looker over carefully by the doctor. 4 主动句中的宾语为反身代词时，不能变为被动语态 He taught himself English. 5 系表结构的句子没有被动语态 He looks sad. 6 使役动词(let，have，make等)和感官动词(see，hear，watch，notice)在主动语态中使用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，to不能省略。 I heard Lin Tao sing English songs. →Lin Tao was heard to sing English songs by me. 7 主动语态中含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）时，可把表示人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，也可把表示物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，此时间接宾语前要加介词for或to。 She often shows me her photos. →I am often showed her photos by her. →Her photos are often showed to me by her. 练习题 一、单项选择 1. Our school library _____ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading here. A.decorates B.decorated C.is decorated D.was decorating 2. --Will you go to Lisa’s housewarming party next Sunday --Well, if I _____, I will go on time. A.invite B.will invite C.am invited D.will be invited 3. --Mr. White, when shall we hand in my report --As soon as it _____ tomorrow. A.finishes B.will finish C.will be finished D.is finished 4. According to the new city rules, we _____ to show our green health codes（健康码）when we go to public places. A.asked B.are asked C.were asked D.ask 5. The students are made _____ school uniforms on Monday. A.to wear B.wearing C.wear D.worn 用所给词的适当形式填空 The trees _____(clean) by me every day. Their questions and suggestions may be _____(consider) as “brakes” which stand in our way. The cats in the cafe _____(rescue) by an animal charity. This kind of shoes _____(sell) well. The food _____(smell) delicious. 作业： 把下列句子变成被动语态。 People use metal for making machines. _____ People grow rice in the south of the country. _____ They will send cars abroad ... ...
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