ID: 22553006

2025年中考英语语法复习非谓语动词(含答案)

日期:2025-04-04 科目:英语 类型:初中试卷 查看:46次 大小:26976B 来源:二一课件通
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2025年,中考,英语,语法,复习,谓语
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初中英语语法非谓语动词讲义及配套练习 一、非谓语动词 1. 定义 非谓语动词:在句子中不充当谓语的动词形式,没有人称和数的变化。包括: 不定式 (to do) 动名词 (doing) 现在分词 (doing) (v.-ing) 过去分词 (done) (v.-ed) 不定式 (to do) 用法 例句 特殊注意 作主语 To learn English well needs practice. 常用it作形式主语:It's important to study hard. 作宾语 I want to visit the museum. 后接不定式作宾语的动词:decide, hope, plan等 作宾补 The teacher asked us to read aloud. 使役动词后省略to:let/make/have sb do sth 作定语 I have a lot of homework to do. 常后置修饰名词 作状语 She came here to borrow books. 表目的/结果 动名词 (doing) 用法 例句 特殊注意 作主语 Swimming is good exercise. 可转换为It句型:It's fun playing games. 作宾语 They enjoy watching movies. 后接动名词的动词:finish, practice, avoid等 作表语 Her job is teaching children. 介词宾语 Thank you for helping me. 固定搭配:be good at, look forward to等 分词 (现在分词doing和过去分词done) 用法 类型 例句 区别 作定语 现在分词 (doing) The crying baby needs milk. 表主动/进行 过去分词 (done) The broken window was fixed. 表被动/完成 作状语(表时间、原因、伴随等) 现在分词 (doing) Holding an umbrella, she walked in the rain. (表伴随:她拿着伞) Seeing the teacher, the students stopped talking. (表时间:看到老师后) 主句主语是动作的执行者 过去分词 (done) Written in simple English, the book is easy to read. (表原因:因为用简单英语写成) Followed by his dog, the boy entered the park. (表伴随:男孩被狗跟着) 主句主语是动作的承受者 作补语(补充说明宾语/主语) 现在分词 (doing) I saw him crossing the street. (看见他正在过马路) We heard the birds singing in the trees. (听到鸟在唱歌) 表示动作正在进行 过去分词 (done) I had my hair cut yesterday. (头发被剪) She found the door locked. (门被发现是锁着的) 表示被动或完成 作表语(位于系动词后) 口诀: 人用-ed 物用-ing 现在分词 (doing) The movie is boring. (电影令人无聊) The news sounds exciting. (消息听起来令人兴奋) 说明主语的特征(常修饰物) 过去分词 (done) We were surprised at the result. (我们对结果感到惊讶) The children got tired after running. (孩子们跑累了) 说明主语的感受(常修饰人) 用于现在进行时 现在分词 (doing) I am writing a letter. 表主动/进行 用于被动语态 过去分词 (done) The book is written by him. 表被动/完成 二、中考高频非谓语动词搭配 (一)动词+不定式 (to do) 常考搭配 1.接不定式作宾语的动词: - decide to do(决定做) - want/hope/wish to do(想要/希望做) - plan/agree/promise to do(计划/同意/答应做) - learn to do(学会做) - refuse to do(拒绝做) > 例句:He refused to answer the question. 2.接不定式作宾补的动词: - ask/tell/want sb to do(要求/告诉/想要某人做) - allow/encourage sb to do(允许/鼓励某人做) - It's + adj. + (for sb) to do(对某人来说做某事...) > 例句:The teacher told us to keep quiet. > 易错:被动语态中保留to → We were told to keep quiet. (二)动词+动名词 (doing) 常考搭配 1. 接动名词作宾语的动词: - enjoy/finish/practice doing(享受/完成/练习做) - avoid/mind/consider doing(避免/介意/考虑做) - suggest/keep (on)/ ... ...

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