2024-2025学年高二英语非谓语动词知识点详细讲解 导学案（含答案）

高二英语非谓语动词知识点详细讲解 1.非谓语动词作主语 (1)不定式作主语，一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用it作形式主语，而不定式是真正的主语，放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。 e.g When drinking tea，playing chess，reading or writing，to light an incense stick can help calm the nerves and concentrate the mind. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here. 注意 (2)动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，一般都放在谓语动词前，有时用it作形式主语。 Playing with fire is dangerous. 注意： 下面句型中常用动名词作主语：It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth It is no use complaining without taking action. It is no good coming before that. 非谓语动词作表语 (1)不定式作表语多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。My dream is to enter Peking University.My job is to clean the rooms every day.(2)动名词作表语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。 Our job is playing all kinds of music. (3)现在分词、过去分词也可以作表语，现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”；而过去分词作表语意为“人感到……的”。 It’s well known that a tiger looks very frightening.We were moved at the news that he had died for the motherland. 非谓语动词作宾语(1)不定式作宾语①常跟不定式作宾语的动词： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装 decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish，refuse，manage，volunteer，pretend 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，help ②动词tell，show，understand，know，explain，teach，learn，advise等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。Please tell me when to start the project. ③在某些动词如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe后，常用it作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语， We think it our duty to protect the environment. 动名词作宾语①常跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)：He tried to avoid answering my questions. 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon， admit，delay/put off，fancy 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 avoid，miss，go on/keep on，practise，deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免 forbid，imagine，risk，can’t help，mind，allow/permit，escape ③由“动词＋介词”构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语，常见的有be/get used to (习惯于)，feel like (想要)，insist on (坚持)，get down to (开始)，devote...to...(致力于……)，object to (反对)，stick to (坚持)，give up (放弃)等。 With many reference materials in hand，he got down to writing his graduation thesis. 下列动词或短语既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： mean doing sth意味着做某事 mean to do sth打算做某事 forget doing sth忘记做过某事(已做过或已发生) forget to do sth忘记要去做某事(未做) regret doing sth对做过的事后悔(已做) regret to do sth对要做的事感到遗憾(未做) try doing sth尝试做某事 try to do sth努力去做某事 go on doing sth继续做原来做的事 go on to do sth继续做另一件事 remember doing sth记得做过某事(已做) remember to do sth记住去做某事(未做) 在need，want，require等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。 My bike needs to be repaire ... ...