2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练(新高考通用)专题06阅读理解记叙文(学生版+解析)

专题06 阅读理解记叙文 目录 题型综述 2 解题攻略 3 题型01 细节事实题 3 题型02 推理判断题 4 题型03 词句猜测题 6 题型04 主旨大意题 8 高考练场 12 题型简介 记叙文阅读理解通常分为传记类、游记类和故事类。主要考查作者通过写人、叙事所表达出来的某种观点、认识或情感。记叙文描述的是具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常包含时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。有些文章按事件发展经过为主线叙述，有些则按时间顺序叙述，包括顺叙、倒叙等。夹叙夹议类文章往往蕴含作者或文中人物的多种情感，如喜悦、悲伤、愤怒、希望等，能引起读者的情感共鸣。 命题类型 细节理解题：考查学生对文章中具体事实和细节的理解能力。 词义猜测题：要求学生根据上下文推断生词或短语的含义。 主旨大意题：考查学生对文章中心思想或主要观点的把握。 推理判断题：考查学生根据文章内容进行逻辑推理和判断的能力。 作者意图题：考查学生对作者写作目的和态度的理解。 解题思路 顺藤摸瓜：按照文章脉络和故事发展顺序，一题一题地解答细节题，不漏掉任何细节。 左顾右盼：在做题过程中，如果找不到与题干一字不差的词语或句子，需要通过上下文语境进行同义替换，找到正确答案。 把握文章结构：记叙文一般可以分为事实记叙和想象记叙，注意文章的基本结构，如5W要素（what, who, when, where, why），这有助于理解文章和回答问题。 理解故事脉络：弄明白整件事情的发展脉络，这对于解答细节题和推理判断题至关重要。 把握寓意：对于哲理故事或逸闻趣事，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义或风趣性，这有助于解答主旨大意题和作者意图题。 题型01 细节事实题 细节题几乎是每一篇记叙文阅读理解中都会出现的题型，围绕文章主题考查学生对具体信息点的理解。一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序(时间、空间、情感变化等)排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。? 细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。包括三种题型：1.直接事实题；2.间接事实题；3. 数据推算。 My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silenc ... ...