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课件网) 学练优八年级英语下(WY) 教学课件 学练优八年级英语上(RJ) 教学课件 Unit 3 Language in use 句子的成分 (members of the sentences) 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分 主要成分:主语、谓语 次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语、插入语。 简单句的基本句型 1. Subject (主语) 句子说明的人或事物 The sun rises in the east. 2. Predicate / pr d ke t/ verb (谓语动词) 说明主语的动作、状态或特征。 We study English. 3. Object (宾语) 动作的对象或承受者。 We love China. 4. Predictive (表语) 在系动词后的部分就是表语。 The war is over. 5. Attributive / Attribute (定语) 修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句。 This is a difficult problem. 6. Adverbial (状语) 状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、 结果、条件、方向、程度和伴随状况等。 He runs fast. 7. Complement (补语) 说明宾语的身份和状态,以补充其意义不足, 使句子的意义完整。 We elected him monitor. 8. Appositive / ‘p z t v/ (同位语) 位于名词或代词后面,说明他们的性质和 情况。 This is Mr Zhou, our teacher. 9. Parenthesis /p renθ s s/ (插入语) 插入语在句中通常是对一句话的一些附加解释,说明或总结。 To be frank, I don’t agree with you. 基本句型一: S + V (主+谓) 基本句型二: S + V + P (主+系+表) 基本句型三: S + V + O (主+谓+宾) 基本句型四: S + V + IO + O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五: S + V + O + C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型六:there be 结构 英语简单句的基本句型 1. 主语 + 谓语(不及物动词) (+ 状语) ① The train will leave soon. ② The flags are waving in the wind. 旗帜在风中飘动。 2. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 (+ 状语) ① This machine is in good condition. ② The garden smells pleasant. 3. 主语 +谓语(及物动词) + 宾语 (+ 状语) ①I want a cup of coffee. ②She played tennis in the gym yesterday. 4. 主语 + 谓语(双宾动词)+ 间接宾语 + 直 接宾语 (+ 状语) ① I gave him some money. =I gave some money to him. ② He bought me a book. =He bought a book for me. 一些间宾可改成由to引起的短语, 表示动作向谁; 一些间宾可改成由for引起的短语, 表示动作为谁。 5. 主语 + 谓语 (及物动词)+ 宾语 + 宾语补语(+ 状语) ①We elected Mr. Smith our chairman. 表示独一的头衔、职位或身份的名词 作宾语补足语时不用冠词。 6. There be +主语 + 状语 ①There is a pen and two books on the desk. ②There are two books and a pen on the desk. Watch the video of the basic pattern of the simple sentence. 简单句的基本句型 1. My mother bought us a lot of books.(Activity 1)P52 a lot of许多的。它相当于lots of。其后可接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词。 例:There are a lot of famous movie stars in China . I'd like a cup of coffee with lots of sugar. 2. ...the writer of the books, J.K.Rowling,has become very famous.(Activity 3) P53 famous作形容词,意为“著名的”,可作定语或表语,相当于well known。 常用搭配:be famous for因……而出名; be famous as 作为……而著名。 3.It‘s difficult to cook something to eat on this kind of journey because you have to watch the sea all the time. (Activity 7 Para.3) P 54 (1)“It's+adj.+to do sth.”意为“做某事 是……的”。it是形式主语,真正的主语是后 面的动词不定式(短语) ... ...