2025年人教版英语中考专项复习 非谓语动词（含答案）

非谓语动词 一、核心考点精讲 1. 非谓语动词的分类与基本概念 类型 形式 功能 不定式 to + V原形 表目的、将来动作、具体行为 动名词 V-ing 表习惯、抽象概念、已完成的动作 分词 V-ing（现在分词）V-ed（过去分词） 作定语、状语、补语 注：初中阶段重点掌握不定式与动名词的区别及固定搭配。 2. 不定式与动名词的对比 对比项 不定式（to do） 动名词（doing） 核心意义 表目的、未发生或具体的动作 表习惯、抽象概念或已完成的动作 常用场景 计划、决定、愿望（want to, decide to） 爱好、避免、完成（enjoy, avoid, finish） 固定搭配 agree, hope, learn, refuse, plan enjoy, mind, practice, suggest 例句 I want to play basketball. She enjoys reading novels. 记忆口诀： “不定式，表目的；动名词，表习惯；固定搭配要牢记，中考考场上不慌乱！” 3. 初中必考固定搭配总结 （1）只能接不定式（to do）的动词/短语 动词/短语 例句 记忆技巧 want to do He wants to join the club. “想要（want）做，必须（need）接to！” decide to do They decided to leave early. “决定（decide）未来用to！” hope to do I hope to see you soon. “希望（hope）未发生，to后紧跟！” refuse to do She refused to answer the question. “拒绝（refuse）用to！” plan to do We plan to travel next week. “计划（plan）将来要加to！” （2）只能接动名词（doing）的动词/短语 动词/短语 例句 记忆技巧 enjoy doing She enjoys dancing. “享受（enjoy）doing乐悠悠！” finish doing He finished doing homework. “完成（finish）doing不犹豫！” mind doing Do you mind opening the window “介意（mind）doing要小心！” practice doing They practice speaking English. “练习（practice）doing别停歇！” avoid doing We avoid eating junk food. “避免（avoid）doing要牢记！” （3）接不定式和动名词意义不同的动词 动词 to do（不定式） doing（动名词） remember 记得要做（未发生） 记得做过（已发生） Remember to lock the door. I remember locking the door. forget 忘记要做（未发生） 忘记做过（已发生） Don’t forget to call me. I forgot telling him the news. stop 停下来去做另一件事 停止正在做的事 He stopped to talk to me. He stopped smoking. try 努力做某事 尝试做某事 Try to finish the work. Try reading aloud. 4. 其他常见固定搭配（表格） 结构 例句 用法说明 It’s + adj. + to do It’s important to study hard. 不定式作主语，用it作形式主语 be busy doing She is busy preparing for the exam. busy后接动名词 look forward to doing I look forward to seeing you. to为介词，后接动名词 make sb. do The teacher made us clean the room. make sb.后接省略to的不定式 see/hear sb. do/doing I saw him cross the street. I heard her singing in the room. do表全过程，doing表动作进行中 提高练习 （一）单项选择 I want _____ a doctor in the future. A. to be B. being C. be D. been She enjoys _____ novels in her free time. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads Don’t forget _____ the windows before leaving. A. closing B. to close C. close D. closed He decided _____ his job and travel around the world. A. quit B. to quit C. quitting D. quits The teacher made the students _____ the question again. A. answer B. to answer C. answering D. answered I remember _____ the key on the table, but I can’t find it now. A. to put B. ... ...