2025届高考英语阅读理解高频命题热点练习：热点三 自然灾害（含解析）

2025届高考三轮冲刺英语高频命题热点练习：热点三 自然灾害（练习） 一、 A study published in Geology introduces a new method for understanding earthquake behavior that could transform how we prepare for these natural disasters. The research focuses on curved scratches left on fault planes (断层面) when massive blocks of Earth grind past each other during an earthquake. These marks, called “slickenlines”, work somewhat like tire marks at a crash scene, revealing the direction of movement. To understand how these ancient marks could help save lives, the research team turned to New Zealand’s Alpine Fault. The researchers focused their investigation on a fascinating section of the Alpine Fault known as an “earthquake gate”. This region can either stop earthquakes in their tracks or allow them to continue their journey, a decision that has enormous consequences. When earthquakes push through this gate, they transform from magnitude 7.5 events into far more powerful magnitude 8.0 earthquakes, dramatically increasing their potential for destruction. The implications of this research reach far beyond New Zealand’s shores. “The scratches indicate the direction and origin of a past earthquake, potentially giving us clues about where a future quake might start and where it will go. This is key for California, where anticipating the direction of a quake on faults like San Andreas or San Jacinto could mean a more accurate forecast of its impact,” Barth, UC Riverside geologist and lead author, notes. Understanding the direction of earthquake movement isn’t just academic curiosity, it could provide crucial extra minutes of warning time for vulnerable populations. Consider Los Angeles: if a major earthquake begins near the Salton Sea and moves northward along the San Andreas fault, it would direct intense energy toward the city. However, this scenario could also give residents about a minute’s warning through cellular alert systems — precious time that could allow people to take cover, stop medical procedures, or shut down critical systems. 1.What are “slickenlines” A. Special planes used by geologists. B. Bending lines drawn by researchers. C. Ancient marks caused by earthquakes. D. Tire scratches left by vehicle accidents. 2.Why is the “earthquake gate” mentioned A. To reveal the secret of the earth. B. To show the significance of the area. C. To suggest how powerful nature might be. D. To prove the destructive degree of earthquakes. 3.What’s the purpose of the study according to paragraph 3 A. To inform us what may cause earthquakes. B. To discover a way to fight against earthquakes. C. To better prevent the occurrence of earthquakes. D. To predict how earthquake might affect different areas. 4.What is the last paragraph mainly about A. The meaning of the study. B. How the earthquake moves. C. The example of an earthquake. D. What to do during the earthquake. 二、 Intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long ... ...