2025年广东中考英语语法精讲精练之宾语从句（含答案）

宾语从句 教学目标：★★★★ 独立完成宾语从句的练习并会运用 问题层级图 目标层级图 一、宾语从句的定义和特征 例： I love you. Miss. Li likes music. They enjoy football. 上面三个句子中的宾语是_____ _____ _____ KEYS：you; music; football 我们把像you, music, football这种跟在动词后的成分叫做宾语。 例： I think that I will pass the exam. I don’t know if he wants to come to the party. 上面两个句子中的宾语是_____ _____ KEYS: I will pass the exam; he wants to come to the party. 我们把以上这种做宾语成分的句子叫做宾语从句。而上面两个句子当中的that 和if在其中起了一个连接句子的作用，叫连接词或关系词或引导词。 所以，含宾语从句的句子结构为：_____+ _____+ _____ KEYS：动词+关系词+宾语从句 总结 什么是宾语从句？ 宾语从句是在句子中做_____的从句，一般位于_____之后。其中连接主句和宾语从句的词叫做_____。 KEYS：宾语；动词；关系词 注意 某些动词后跟双宾语的情况。 例： He told me that he would go to college the next year. tell sb. sth. 这时me是tell的间接宾语，而后面that引导的句子则是直接宾语，所以也是宾语从句。 常见的后跟双宾语的词有： tell, give, teach, buy, lend, leave, sell, show, pass, bring.等。 练习 判断下列句子哪些是宾语从句，并划分出句子结构。 1. I want to say that you are so beautiful. 2. I wonder if you are free this weekend. 3. This is the book which I am looking for. 4. I like to eat apples because it’s good for my health. 5. I don’t know who he is. 6. They haven’t got any dictionaries that we need. KEYS:1; 2; 5 第一个：say+ that+ 宾从（you are so beautiful） 第二个：wonder+ if+ 宾从(you are free this weekend) 第三个：know+ who+ 宾从(who he is) 二、关系词的选取以及语序的判断 例： 1. I want to say that you are so beautiful. 2. He wonders if you are free this weekend. 3. I don’t know whether he comes to the party or not. 4. We don’t know who he is. 5. The students don’t understand what their teacher says. 6. Can you tell me when you will set off 由以上得出，定语从句的关系词都有_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ 等。 KEYS: that; if; whether; who; what; when. 第一个例句：I want to say that you are so beautiful. =You are so beautiful. I want to say. 将从句还原回去，从句是一个陈述句。并且that在句中无意义。 第二个例句：He wonders if you are free this weekend. = Are you free this weekend He wonders. 将从句还原回去，从句是一个一般疑问句。并且if在句中的意义为“是否”。 第三个例句同上。 第四个例句： We don’t know who he is. = Who is he We don’t know. 将从句还原回去，从句是一个特殊疑问句。并且who 在句中的意义为“谁”。 第五和第六个例句同上。 小结 关系词的分类： 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 that(无意义) if/whether(是否) what, who, whose, when, where, why, how… (关系词本身的意义) 并且，无论以上例句还原后是陈述句还是疑问句，用作宾语从句时都是_____语序。 KEYS: 陈述 拓展 1. that引导宾语从句时可以省略。 2. if/whether的区别 例： We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic. Could you tell me whether you go or not He can’t decide whether to accept or refuse. Whether it is true or not, I can’t say. 所以，只用whether不用if的几种情况： a. 当从句做介词的宾语时 b. 与o ... ...