2025年广东中考英语语法精讲精练之定语从句

定语从句 教学目标：★★★★ 学生能够独立完成定语从句相关练习 问题层级图 目标层级图 一、定语从句的特征 例： 一朵漂亮的花a beautiful flower 一个聪明的男孩a clever boy 一个大房子a big house 上面三组名词短语中的修饰语是_____ _____ _____ KEYS：beautiful; clever; big 我们把像beautiful, clever, big这种修饰语叫做定语。翻译成“…的” 那么： 那个站在树下的女孩 他迟到的原因 从第八中学毕业的那个学生 这些句子当中的定语部分很长，一个词是无法表达出来的，这时候我们就要用到一个句子来表达，这个句子就是定语从句。 例： 那个站在树下的女孩是我的姐姐。 = 那个女孩是我的姐姐。她站在树下。 = The girl is my sister. She is standing under the tree. = The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister. 相当于我们在用定语从句的时候用who代替了she (the girl)将两句话整合成了一句话。而这里的the girl就是我们定语从句要修饰的对象，叫先行词（名词或代词）。who在这个句子当中起了一个连接的作用，叫连接词或关系词。 所以，含定语从句的句子结构为：_____+ _____+ _____ KEYS：先行词+关系词+定语从句 总结 什么是定语从句？ 定语从句是在句子中做_____，修饰主句中某一个_____或者_____的从句。其中被定语从句所修饰的词叫做_____，连接定语从句和先行词的词叫做_____。 KEYS：定语; 名词; 代词; 先行词; 关系词 练习 判断下列句子哪些是定语从句，并划分出句子结构。 1. This is the book which I am looking for. 2. Kate was ill so she didn’t go to school. 3. I like to eat apples because it’s good for my health. 4. I don’t know who he is. 5. They haven’t got any dictionaries that we need. 6. I still remember the college and the teachers that I visited in London years ago. KEYS:1; 5; 6 第一个：the book+ which+ 定从（I am looking for） 第二个：any dictionaries+ that+ 定从(we need) 第三个：the college and the teachers+ that+ 定从(I visited in London years ago) 二、系代词和关系副词的区别 例： Do you know the girl who is standing under the tree The man whom you met just now is called Jim. She got a computer which her parents bought for her. The boy whose father is a doctor studies hard. I don’t like the bag whose color is red. He told me to take anything that I wanted. Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher I still remember the year when you graduated from No. 8 Middle School. That is the school where I studied three years ago. We don’t know the reason why he was late for school. 由以上得出，定语从句的关系词都有_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ KEYS: who; whom; which; whose; that; when; where; why. 找出先行词是人的例句： Do you know the girl who is standing under the tree The man whom you met just now is called Jim. The boy whose father is a doctor studies hard. Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher 发现关系词是：who, whom, whose, that. 同样，找出先行词是物的例句，发现关系词是：which, that, whose. 而且，先行词指时间用when, 指地点用where, 指原因用why. 所以，先行词决定了关系词的选取。 练习 将下列句子合并成带有定语从句的复合句。 1. He is the young writer. He wrote the book. 2. Do you know the doctor He comes here once a month and examines the workers. 3. The foreign guest is Mr. Green. You ... ...