【知识铺垫】 考点一: 有关被动语态的基础知识 1. 被动语态概述 英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态) The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态) 2．被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 3. 被动语态的用法 在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况： (1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如： This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。 (2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如： More trees must be planted every year. 每年都应该种更多的树。 (3)强调或突出动作的承受者时。如： Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(强调汉语的使用广泛) 【拓展知识点】 1.不及物动词及连系动词不能用于被动语态。常见词有：happen，take place，look，sound，feel，smell，taste，become等。 如: The story happened on a cold night.这个故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。 The food tasted delicious.这种食物尝起来很美味。 2. 在主动语态中省“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”。常见的有感官动词see，hear，watch，feel，notice等，及使役动词let，make，have。如： He made the girl stay at home.(变被动语态)→The girl was made to stay at home. 考点二: 一般现在时的被动语态（主语+am/is/are+done） (否定句，在is, am, are后加not) (一般疑问句，把is, am, are提句首) 考点三: 一般过去时的被动语态（主语+was/were+done） .(否定句，在was, were后加not) (一般疑问句，把was, were提句首) 考点四: 一般将来时的被动语态(will+be+done；am/is/are going to+be+done) (否定句，在will后加not) （一般疑问句，把will提句首) A new school library is going to be built next year. 一个学校的新图书馆将明年建成。(肯定句) →A new school library isn’t going to be built next year. (否定句，在is／am／are后加not) →Is a new school library going to be built next year (一般疑问句，把is／am／are提句首) 考点五: 一般现在时带情态动词的的被动语态(情态动词+be+done) (1)肯定句式（主语+情态动词+be原形+过去分词） The computer must be repaired now.电脑必须立刻修。 (2)否定句式（主语+情态动词+not+be原形+过去分词） It can not be done by Peter.这件事不可能是彼得干的。 (3)一般疑问句式（情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词） Must the trees be watered now 这些树必须现在浇水吗？ 【品味中考】 ( ) 1.—Why does the earth look blue in space —Because most of the earth’s surface _____ by water. (湖北黄石) covers B. is covered C. cover D. are covered ( ) 2. Students do less homework now. Usually it _____ before 9 o’clock in the evening. (重庆) A. finishes B. finished C. is finished D. was finished ( ) 3. More chances _____ for students to learn from each other if working in groups. (山东泰安) provide B. are provided C. provided D. will provide ( ) 4.—Waiter, I’d like some Ningbo Dumplings. —Sorry, sir. Ningbo Dumplings _____only for lunch and dinner. serve B. served C. are served D. are serving ( ) 6. When the baby dog _____, it was very hungry. So we gave it some food. is found B. was found C. has been found D. will be found ... ...
