中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 高考英语名词性从句复习学案 一、学习目标 1. 透彻理解名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）的本质与结构。 2. 精准掌握引导词（that/whether/if/what/who/where等）的选择逻辑，攻克“从句语序”“时态呼应”“虚拟语气”等高频考点。 3. 区分易混淆句型（如同位语从句vs.定语从句、宾语从句vs.表语从句），避免常见语法错误。 4. 能在写作中灵活运用名词性从句提升句式丰富度与准确性。 二、知识体系构建 （一）名词性从句的本质与分类 定义： 名词性从句在句中充当名词成分，相当于“名词+从句”，可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语。 核心逻辑：从句在句中具有名词功能，引导词决定从句的意义和语法功能。 四大类型： 类型 功能 例句 主语从句 作主语 That he passed the exam is good news. 宾语从句 作动词/介词/形容词宾语 I believe that he is honest. / He is worried about whether he will fail. 表语从句 作表语（系动词后） The problem is that we have no time. 同位语从句 解释说明名词（如idea/fact） The news that he won the game made us excited. （二）引导词的“三维”选择法 1. 第一维：判断从句“类型” 从句类型 常见引导词 例句 陈述句 that（无词义，可省略宾语从句中that） He said (that) he would come. 一般疑问句 whether/if（表“是否”，if仅限宾语从句） Whether he likes it is unknown. / Ask him if he likes it. 特殊疑问句 what/who/where/why/how等（保留疑问意义） What he said surprised me. / I don’t know where he lives. 2. 第二维：分析引导词“在从句中的成分” 成分 引导词举例 例句 主语 what/who/which What he wants is a book. / Who will win is unclear. 宾语 what/who/whom/which I know whom you are talking about. 表语 what/who/where/how This is what I want to say. / That’s where he lives. 定语 whose I know whose book this is. 状语 where/when/why/how This is why he left. / I don’t know how he did it. 不充当成分 that/whether/if That he is late is usual. / I wonder whether he is coming. 3. 第三维：牢记“特殊限制条件” that的省略规则： ① 宾语从句中that可省略，但多个宾语从句并列时，仅第一个that可省： He said (that) he was tired and that he wanted to rest. ② 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中that不可省略。 whether与if的区别： 区别 whether if 主语从句 可用（可置于句首或用it作形式主语） 不可（只能用it作形式主语） 表语从句 可用 不可 同位语从句 可用 不可 介词宾语 可用 不可 or not连用 必须用whether（whether or not） 可用于if...or not（口语） 例句 Whether he comes is important. I don’t know if/whether he will come or not. what的双重角色： what=名词+that，在从句中既作成分又有实际意义： What he said = The words that he said 例句：What we need is time.（what作need的宾语，=The thing that） （三）四大从句核心考点解析 1. 主语从句：形式主语it的使用 常见结构： ① It + be + 形容词（necessary/strange/important）+ that从句 It is necessary that we (should) learn English. ② It + be + 名词（a pity/a fact/no wonder）+ that从句 It’s a pity that he missed the chance. ③ It + be + 过去分词（said/reported/believed）+ that从句 It is reported that it will rain tomorrow. ④ It + 不及物动词（seem/happen/appear）+ that从句 It seems that he is lying. 易错点： 误：That he is late make me angry. 正：T ... ...
