ID: 22814052

高考英语介词与介词短语学案

日期:2025-04-28 科目:英语 类型:高中学案 查看:39次 大小:155648B 来源:二一课件通
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介词,高考,英语,短语,学案
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 高考英语介词与介词短语专题学案 (核心考点+易混辨析+真题突破) 一、介词分类与核心用法 1. 简单介词(高频考点) 介词 时间用法 地点/方位用法 其他抽象用法 at 具体时刻:at 3:15固定短语:at dawn/dusk 小地点:at the bus stop门牌号码:at 56 Park Road 价格/速度:at $100, at high speed in 时间段:in spring, in 2023早/中/晚:in the afternoon 大地点:in Beijing, in Europe内部空间:in the box 材料/方式:in ink, in English on 具体某天:on Monday, on Teachers’ Day某天早/中/晚:on the evening of May 1st 表面接触:on the roof, on the page线路/平面:on the line, on the map 关于:a book on science状态:on fire, on duty by 截止时间:by Friday被动执行者:written by Mark 方式手段:by plane, by hand 增减幅度:increase by 20% with — 伴随工具:write with a pen附属特征:a girl with long hair 原因/状态:shiver with cold, with pleasure 2. 复合介词(易忽略考点) into:进入(动态):jump into the river, change into a butterfly onto:到……上面(接触):climb onto the stage, put the book onto the shelf within:在……范围内(时间/空间):within 5 minutes, within 10 miles without:没有(伴随否定):without hesitation, live without water 二、易混介词对比(附真题示例) 1. 时间介词 in vs. after in + 时间段:表“在……之后”(用于将来时) 例:He will return in two weeks.(他两周后回来。) after + 时间点/时间段:表“在……之后”(用于过去时或将来时) 例:After three days, he finally arrived.(三天后,他终于到了。) since vs. for since + 时间点:自……以来(主句用现在完成时) 例:She has worked here since 2020.(她从2020年起就在这里工作。) for + 时间段:持续……时间 例:He has been ill for a week.(他已经病了一周了。) 2. 地点介词 across vs. through vs. past across:从表面横跨(二维) 例:swim across the lake(游过湖泊) through:从内部穿过(三维) 例:walk through the forest(穿过森林) past:从旁边经过 例:go past the bookstore(经过书店) over vs. above vs. on over:正上方(垂直,无接触) 例:a bridge over the river(河上的桥) above:上方(不垂直) 例:a light above the desk(书桌上方的灯) on:表面接触 例:a cup on the table(桌上的杯子) 3. 逻辑关系介词 besides vs. except vs. except for besides:除……之外(包含) 例:Besides Tom, we all passed the exam.(除了汤姆,我们都通过了考试。) except:除……之外(排除,同类事物) 例:Everyone attended except Mary.(除了玛丽,所有人都参加了。) except for:除……之外(修正整体,不同类事物) 例:The room is clean except for the dust.(除了灰尘,房间很干净。) because of vs. due to vs. owing to because of:较口语化,后接名词/代词 例:He failed because of his carelessness. due to:较正式,常接在be动词后 例:The delay was due to bad weather. owing to:可置于句首或句中 例:Owing to the rain, the match was canceled. 三、介词短语固定搭配(高频考点) 1. 动词+介词/副词 短语 含义 例句 consist of 由……组成 The team consists of 12 members. result in 导致 Laziness results in failure. result from 由……引起 His illness resulted from lack of sleep. rely on 依赖 We rely on him for advice. refer to 提及;参考 Don’t refer ... ...

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