
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 高考英语一般过去时复习学案 一、复习目标 1. 掌握一般过去时的结构(动词过去式)及核心用法。 2. 区分一般过去时与其他时态(如现在完成时、过去进行时)的语境差异。 3. 熟练应对语法填空、短文改错、写作中一般过去时的高频考查点。 二、核心知识梳理 (一)基本结构 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 He played basketball yesterday. 否定句 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 She didn’t go to school last week. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? Did you finish the work 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? What did he do yesterday 动词过去式变化规则: 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 +ed work→worked, play→played 以e结尾 +d live→lived, hope→hoped 以辅音+y结尾 变y为i+ed study→studied, carry→carried 重读闭音节(辅元辅) 双写尾字母+ed stop→stopped, plan→planned 不规则变化 特殊记忆 go→went, have→had, be→was/were (二)核心用法 1. 表示过去发生的具体动作或状态 (常与过去时间状语连用:yesterday, last week, ago, in 2020, just now等) 例句: I bought a new phone yesterday.(具体动作) She was a teacher ten years ago.(过去状态) 2. 表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作 (可与often, always等频度副词连用,或用“used to do”结构) 例句: He often went fishing when he was young.(过去常做) I used to live in the countryside.(过去曾居住) 3. 在宾语从句中表示委婉语气 (如want, think, hope等动词用过去式表礼貌) 例句: I wondered if you could help me.(我想知道你能否帮我。) 4. 与现在完成时的区别 时态 侧重点 时间状语特征 例句对比 一般过去时 过去某时的具体动作,与现在无关 yesterday, last year等 He left yesterday.(他昨天离开了。) 现在完成时 过去动作对现在的影响,或持续到现在 already, yet, since等 He has left, so you can’t see him.(他已经走了,所以你见不到他。) (三)不规则动词高频考点 原形 过去式 常见搭配 be was/were was/were born, was/were late have had had breakfast, had a meeting go went went to school, went shopping do did did homework, did sports see saw saw a film, saw a doctor 三、高频考点突破 (一)语法填空:时态判断与动词形式 解题步骤: 1. 找时间状语(yesterday, last month等)或上下文语境(如并列的过去动作)。 2. 确定是否为不规则动词,避免规则变化误用(如think→thinked错误,应为thought)。 例题: 1. She visited (visit) her grandparents last weekend.(last weekend提示过去时) 2. They didn’t eat (not eat) dinner until 8 pm yesterday.(否定句用didn’t+原形) 3. Did you find (find) the key yesterday (一般疑问句用Did+原形) (二)短文改错:时态误用与动词形式错误 常见错误类型: 1. 与现在完成时混淆: 错:I have seen him yesterday. 对:I saw him yesterday.(yesterday属过去时,非现在完成时) 2. 规则动词过去式错加ed: 错:He stoped the car. 对:He stopped the car.(重读闭音节需双写p) 3. 不规则动词错误: 错:He goed to school. 对:He went to school.(go的过去式为went) 例题: 错:They have bought a house last year. 改:They bought a house last year.(last year用过去时,非现在完成时) (三)写作:一般过去时的精准应用 提升技巧: 1. 明确标注过去时间状语,避免时态歧义(如:In 2023, I started my journey.)。 2. 叙述过去事件时 ... ...
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