北京中考英语写作词汇和句型必背（学案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 北京中考英语写作必背词汇和句型 一、必背核心词汇 1. 人物品质与性格 积极品质： hardworking（勤奋的）→ 近义：diligent 例：My teacher is hardworking and always prepares lessons carefully. responsible（负责的）→ 名词：responsibility 例：He is responsible for organizing the class activities. generous（慷慨的）、helpful（乐于助人的）、patient（耐心的）、creative（有创造力的）。 性格特征： outgoing（外向的）→ 反义：shy / introverted optimistic（乐观的）→ 反义：pessimistic confident（自信的）→ 名词：confidence 例：Keeping a positive attitude makes you more confident. 2. 情感与情绪表达 基础情感： delighted（高兴的）= extremely happy worried（担忧的）= anxious embarrassed（尴尬的）、proud（自豪的）、lonely（孤独的）。 高级表达： thrilled（极度兴奋的）= very excited 例：I was thrilled to win the first prize in the competition. disappointed（失望的）→ 搭配：be disappointed with / in sth. 例：He was disappointed with his exam results. 3. 学习与校园生活 学习行为： review（复习）= go over → 例：Reviewing notes before exams is necessary. preview（预习）、concentrate（专注）= focus solve（解决）→ 搭配：solve problems / difficulties 校园活动： participate in（参加）= take part in compete in（参与竞争）→ 名词：competition organize（组织）→ 名词：organization graduate from（毕业于）→ 例：I will graduate from junior high school next year. 4. 环境与社会生活 环境描述： polluted（污染的）→ 动词：pollute；名词：pollution crowded（拥挤的）、peaceful（宁静的）、modern（现代的）。 社会行为： protect（保护）→ 搭配：protect the environment volunteer（志愿）→ 名词：volunteer；短语：volunteer to do sth. 例：We volunteered to clean up the park last weekend. recycle（回收）、save（节约）→ save water / energy 5. 动作与事件 高频动词： achieve（实现）→ 搭配：achieve dreams / goals improve（提高）→ 搭配：improve English / skills suggest（建议）→ 用法：suggest doing sth. / suggest that + 虚拟语气 例：I suggest taking a break after studying for hours. 事件描述： hold（举办）→ 过去式：held；例：Our school will hold a sports meeting next month. cancel（取消）、postpone（推迟）、attend（参加）。 二、必背经典句型 1. 提建议与表达观点 基础建议： Why not do sth. = Why don’t you do sth. 例：Why not join a reading club to improve your literacy It’s adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 例：It’s important for us to protect the environment. 高级表达： I strongly suggest that + 句子（虚拟语气：should + 动词原形） 例：I strongly suggest that we should plant more trees in our city. From my point of view, … = In my opinion, … 例：From my point of view, teamwork is the key to success. 2. 原因与结果 基础结构： Because + 句子, … 或 … because + 句子 例：I like reading because it can broaden my horizons. so + 形容词/副词 + that + 句子 例：He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him. 高级结构： The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子（…的原因是…） 例：The reason why I love English is that it connects me with the world. As a result, …（结果……）= Therefore, ... ...