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课件网) Unit 3 The world of science Using language To identify and summarise the forms and functions of present perfect passive through observation,and apply it correctly in different contexts and situations. To understand the main idea of listening materials, gather specific details to complete the notes and explore general topics related to inventions in daily life. To make use of appropriate structures to introduce scientists and their achievements in various fields. Learning objectives Words and expressions passive adj. 被动的 38 beyond prep. 无法…… 38 instance n. 例子，实例 38 significant adj. 重要的，影响深远的 38 injure v. （使）受伤，弄伤 38 chemist n. 化学家 39 astronomer n. 天文学家 39 biologist n. 生物学家 39 accurate adj. 精确的 40 Gregorian calendar 公历，阳历（自1582年起在西方使用的历法） 40 minor adj. 小的 40 origin n. 起源，起因 40 species n. 物种 40 natural selection 自然选择 40 field research 实地研究，实地调研 40 stream n. 小河，小溪 40 extraordinary adj. 非凡的，出色的 40 brilliant adj. 聪颖的，才华横溢的 40 radium n. 镭（一种化学元素） 40 Goldbach’s Conjecture 哥德巴赫猜想 40 theory n. 学说，理论 40 mental adj. 精神的；精神健康的 41 cure n. 药剂；疗法 41 Present perfect passive 现在完成被动语态 什么是现在完成时？ 现在完成时(The Present Perfect Tense)是过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去。在英语时态中，“时”指动作发生的时间，“态”指动作的样子和状态。 构成：主语+have/has+done（动词过去分词） Lead-in He has been away for an hour. 他走了一个小时了。 Have you borrowed that book 你借到那本书了吗 How long have you read that book 这本书你读了多久了？ He has been to Canada, but now he is working in our company. 他去过加拿大，现在在我们公司工作。 Mr. Li is not at home. He has gone to Shanghai. 李先生不在家，他去上海了。 【举例】 Lead-in 主动语态表示主语为动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果且主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……” 构成：主语+have/has+been+done（动词过去分词） 什么是现在完成时的被动语态 Lead-in The book has been read by many people. 这本书被很多人读过。 The letter has been sent by the postman. 信已由邮递员寄出了。 The house has been painted by my brother. 房子已由我兄弟粉刷过了。 The picture has been drawn by the artist. 这幅画是那位艺术家画的。 The buildings have been destroyed in the earthquake. 这些建筑物在地震中被摧毁了。 【举例】 The earthquake Lead-in 现在完成进行时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态的基本结构是: “主语十have/has been十done”。在不同的句式中,其具体形式也有所不同。 句式 结构 肯定句 主语+have/has been done(十其他) 否定句 主语+have/has not been done(十其他) 一般疑问句 Have/Has十主语+been done(十其他) 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been done(十其他) Lead-in Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. 1 What has happened to “you” in sentence (a) 2 Who has used new inventions to make replacement hearts and bone parts ... ...
