现在完成时专题 现在完成时的结构和时间标志词 现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下： 陈述I have learnt English. She has learnt English. 否定I have not/havn’t learnt English. 疑问 Have I learnt English Yes, I have / No I have not. 否定疑问have I not learnt English havn’t I learnt English 特殊疑问句 提问： I have been here for five years. How long had you been here She has visited Wuhan four times. How many times has she visited Wuhan 句型转换： 1. He has already gone home. He _____ _____ home _____. (否定句)_ _____ he _____ home _____ (疑问句) 2. He has lunch at home. He _____ _____ lunch at home. (否定句) _____ he _____ lunch at home (疑问句) He has been there twice. _____ _____ _____ _____ he been there (划线提问) I have had lunch at school. _____ _____ you _____ lunch？ (划线提问) 判断现在完成时的标志 已经：already(用于肯定句中) I have learnt English already. （至今）还没有：yet(用于否定/ 疑问)/ I havn’t learnt English yet. 自从：表示的是“自过去某一时间一直延续到现在”，应该用现在完成时。 （1）since +时间段 since two years ago 自从两年前起 since+从句 since I was young 从我年轻的时候起 I have lived in there since two years ago. She has gotten many prizes since he was in his childhood. 有...久了 for +一段时间 for two years 有两年了 for three weeks 有三周了 since + 时间点* （动词过去式或表示过去的时间词语） from then on 自从……以来 for + 时间段 持续……时间 recently / lately / these days 最近 before 以前 up to now / till now/ so far 至今，到目前为止 in/over the past few days/years 在过去的一些日子/年中 already 已经 yet 至今 还没有 模拟练习一、用since和for填空： 1. _____ two years 2._____ two years ago 3. _____ last month 4._____ 1999 5._____ yesterday 6. _____ 4 o’clock 7. _____ 4 hours 8._____ an hour ago 9. _____ we were children 10. _____ lunch time 11._____ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing _____ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him _____ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _____ three years. 15. She has been away from the city _____ about ten years. 16. It’s about ten years _____ she left the city. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 时间标志语不同 一般过去时的时间状语一般是：yesterday，last night，ago，this morning，just now，the other day, when引导的时间状语从句.... 概念和意义不同 现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，属于现在时，讨论的也是现在的情况； 一般过去时强调动作在过去某一个时刻发生，与现在没有关系。 I played basketball yesterday. I have played basketball for 3 hours today. 模拟练习二、用过去时或现在完成时填空： 1. “_____ you _____ (have) lunch ” “Yes. I did” “When _____ you _____ (have) it ” “I _____ (have) it at 12:00.” 2. “_____ you _____ (write) a letter to your aunt yet ” “Yes, I _____. I _____ (write) one last week.” 3. “_____ he _____ (finish) his homework ” “Not yet.” 4. “_____ they ever _____ (be) abroad ” “Yes, just once.” 5. Your father _____ just _____ (finish) his work. 6 ... ...
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